线粒体自噬调控机制的研究进展.pdfVIP

生物技术通报 ·综述与专论· BIOTECHNOLOGY BULLETIN ( ) 2015, 31 6 :42-47 线粒体自噬调控机制研究进展 王志舒  谭晓荣 刘洹洹 （河南工业大学生物工程学院，郑州 450001） 摘 要 ： 线粒体为细胞正常生命运动提供能量和物质 ；然而各种因素会导致线粒体损伤，衰老及功能紊乱，它们是细胞潜 在的危险因素，必需及时清除，线粒体自噬可以起到这一作用，维持细胞稳态。当细胞处于恶劣环境时，线粒体自噬可通过降解 线粒体补充生命必需物质，从而度过危机维持生存。另外线粒体自噬会在某些情况下通过降解正常线粒体来维持线粒体质量和数 量的平衡。不同生物中具有不同的线粒体自噬途径和机制，酵母中主要通过Atg32 磷酸化调控线粒体自噬 ；哺乳动物中则存在分 别由Parkin-PINK1、Nix、FUNDC1 等不同蛋白介导的线粒体自噬调控机制 ；植物线粒体自噬的研究主要集中在拟南芥，其途径及 具体调控机制尚不明确。综述了近年来酵母、动物和植物中线粒体自噬的作用机制及调控因子等方面的研究进展。 关键词 ： 线粒体自噬 ；酵母 ；哺乳动物 ；植物 DOI ：10.13560/ki.biotech.bull.1985.2015.06.005 Research Advances in the Regulation Mechanism of Mitophagy Wang Zhishu Tan Xiaorong Liu Huanhuan （College of Biological Engineering ，Henan University of Technology ，Zhengzhou 450001 ） Abstract: Mitochondria provide energy and materials for cells, while a variety of factors can lead to damage, aging and dysfunction of mitochondria, and they are potentially dangerous for the cells and must be cleared promptly. Mitophagy can fulfill above task and maintain cell homeostasis. Under some severe conditions, mitophagy supplies living-essentials by degrading mitochondria and helps the cells survive. Additionally mitophagy may play a role in controlling the quantity and quality of mitochondria through degrading some normal mitochondria. There are different pathways and mechanisms in different organisms. In yeast, mitophagy is mainly regulated by phosphorylation of Atg32. In mammals, mitophagy is protein-mediated by Parkin-PINK1, Nix and FUNDC1 respectively. Research on mitophagy in plants is m