毕业设计（论文）合成氨变换工艺设计.docVIP

摘 要 mm，管长4.8 m，管数1913根，传热面积571.30m2。该设计结果基本能够满足本次设计任务要求，工艺流程可行，设备选型合理，具有一定的工程应用价值。 关键词：Transform processes is one of the most important processes, and it plays a very important role in the industry of synthetic ammonia.The transformation of CO is that the semi-water gas and water vapor are converted to CO２ and H２ in the role of a catalyst reaction, which is both raw gas purification process, but also a continuation of the raw gas . The task is the design of shift process in 110 kt/a NH3. The low-temperature shift technology was adopted in this calculation.According to the relevant cultural heritage data, complete the calculation of material, calories. Furthermore, the size and type of the equipments were determined such as heat exchanger, shift converter, etc.Also do to synthesize an all of the ammonia transformation work segment low craft flow chart and equipments changing set out diagram. The design calculations showed that the diameter of the first and second shift converter catalyst bed were 3.2 m and 5.0 m, respectively. The heat exchangers of gas was consisted of the double-tube and single shell construction with 1913pipes ,φ28×2.5 diameter, 4.8 meters of tube length and 571.30 m2 heat transfer area. The results meet the requirements of the design task well. The process is feasible and the selected equipments is reasonable. The design can guide industrial applications. Keywords: Synthetic ammonia;Conversion section;Total-low process;Heat balance;Material balance 目 录 摘 要 I Abstract II 第一章 前言 1 1.1 一氧化碳变换在合成氨中的意义 1 1.2 变换方案的选择 1 1.3 变换气反应原理 2 1.4 CO变换反应化学平衡 3 1.5 CO低温变换催化剂 5 1.5.1 低变催化剂的发展 5 1.5.2 低变催化剂的主要成分 6 1.5.3 催化剂的活性降低和中毒 7 1.6 工艺流程简述 8 第二章 物料衡算及热量衡算 11 2.1设计条件 11 2.2 CO全变换过程总蒸汽比的计算 11 2.3第一变换炉催化剂床层物料与热量衡算 12 2.3.1入第一变换炉催化剂床层汽气比 12 2.3.2 CO平衡变换率及出催化剂床层气体的组成 13 2.3.3 第一变炉热量衡算 14 2.3.4第一变换炉催化剂层CO变换反应平衡曲线 15 2.3.5 CO在第一变换炉催化剂床层最适宜温度 16 2.3.6 CO在第一变换炉催化剂层变换反应操作线 17 2.4 第二变换炉第一段催化剂层物料及热量衡算 18