羟基功能化离子液体萃取氨基酸研究 毕业论文.doc

羟基功能化离子液体萃取氨基酸研究 摘要 目前 ,对离子液体用于萃取的研究还处于初级阶段 ,这些都限制了离子液体进一步的发展和应用。但是 ,离子液体的出现给传统的分离科学注入了新的内容、开辟了新的研究领域。除此之外，离子液体具有独特的性质 ,使其在有机物萃取分离领域都有着广泛的应用。未来的目标是设计和合成出更多的粘度低、高效、专一性好的离子液体 ,以便满足各种分离的需要；并且从离子液体结构性能方面进行深入的研究 ,得出整套的物性和结构方面的参数 ,如综合毒性数据、 热力学数据及动力学数据等[2,3]。离子液体作为环境友好型溶剂已得到广泛的应用，目前应用离子液体从水溶液萃取有机物最大的困难在于离子液体的流失，无论离子液体在水中的溶解度多小，萃取过程都会造成一部分离子液体进入到水相中。由于离子液体的高昂价格及其对环境的未知毒性使萃取过程目前无法大规模工业应用。但应用离子液体对某些有机物的高萃取性，用其富集环境中的有机物用于分析化学则可以肯定的说前景是乐观的[6-7]。氨基酸的萃取分离是目前氨基酸生产环节的难题之一。故，本项目拟制备羟基功能化的离子液体，增强氨基酸和离子液体之间的亲和力，提高离子液体对氨基酸的萃取富集能力。 关键词：离子液体 萃取 氨基酸 烷基咪唑 ABSTRACT At present, ionic liquids is still in the initial stage in the extraction process; these are limiting the further development and application of ionic liquids.However, the emergence of ionic liquids to the traditional separation of science into a new and opened up a new areas of research. The unique properties of ionic liquids to have a wide range of applications in the organic extraction separation of areas. The future goal is to design and synthesize lesser viscosity, high efficiency, good specificity of ionic liquids ,in order to meet the needs of a variety of separation;and from the ionic liquid structure and properties of in-depth study, obtained the whole set of physical properties and structural parameters, such as comprehensive toxicity data, thermodynamic data and kinetic data.Ionic liquids as environmentally friendly solvents have been widely used, a difficulty of the application of ionic liquid in extraction of organics from aqueous solutions is their loss in water.No matter the solubility of ionic liquids in the water more small, extraction process can create part of ionic liquid into the water phase, due to the high price of ionic liquids and its effect on the environment of unknown toxicity makes the extraction process can not be large-scale industrial applications. But the application of ionic liquids for some organic high extraction, and use from the enriched environment