欧美职业体育组织经济行为比较研究.docVIP

欧美职业体育组织经济行为比较研究 　　摘要：不同形式的职业体育组织，在赛事的设计、组织、监管、调控和功能上不尽相同。采用瓦尔拉斯均衡和非合作博弈均衡模型对以北美封闭式职业体育组织和以欧洲五大职业足球联赛为代表的开放式职业体育组织的经济行为进行比较、分析。结果得出：封闭式职业体育组织实行球队硬预算约束，投资主体的现金流出量受电视转播权出售、球票和特许商品销售等业务经营所得现金流的严格制约，而开放式职业体育组织实行球队软预算约束；封闭式职业体育组织采取垄断管控，并被适用于美国其他行业的诸多法律法规所赦免，各球队将利润最大化作为目标函数；处于竞争无管控状态下的开放式职业体育组织则面临着更多的竞争压力，球队为了争取升级，将赢球最多化作为目标函数。 中国论文网 /4/view-6988781.htm 　　关键词：职业体育组织；经济行为；瓦尔拉斯均衡；非合作博弈均衡 　　Comparative Research on Professional Sport Organization Economics Behavior between Europe and United States 　　ZHANG Sen1， LI Ming2 　　1.College of Physical Education， Henan University， Kaifeng 475000， China 　　2. Business College of Ohio University， U.S.A， 45701 　　Abstract： Different forms of professional sports organizations are not same in the match design， organization， supervision， regulation and function. The economic behavior of the closed professional sports organizations in the North American and opened professional sports organizations of five major professional football leagues in Europe are analyzed by using Walrasian equilibrium and non-cooperative game equilibrium model. Results： Closed professional sports organizations implement team hard budget constraints， investment cash outflow is strictly restricted by television rights to sell， tickets and merchandise sales and other business income from operating cash flow， and opened professional sports organizations implement soft budget constraint on the teams. Closed professional sports organizations take monopoly control， and exempt from the bulk of legislation， the teams will be profit maximization as the objective function； in the competition without state control under the opened professional sports organization is facing more pressure of competition， the teams strive for the upgrade to win most games as objective function. 　　Key words： professional sport organization； economics behavior； Walrasian equilibrium； non-cooperative game equilibrium 　　1 问题的提出 　　当今职业体育领域中，从18世纪英国赛马俱乐部演化而来的联盟治理模式已成为全球许多团体性职业体育项目的主要运作管理模式，随着各国职业