英文科研论文写作技巧.doc

英文科研论文写作简介 1. 引言 英文论文写作的前提是有创新研究成果，创新研究成果的关键是选题。“An acceptable primary scientific publication” must be “the first disclosure”. 科研论文写作常出现的一个误区是：以为好论文是“写”出来的，只要会写，论文总能被接受发表。其实，论文被发表只是结果，这个结果是和一系列科研环节密切相关的，论文写作只是其最后一个环节。在选择科研课题和工作切入点时，就需特别注意，一定要有创新内容，科学研究的灵魂是创新，重复别人的工作，从科研的角度来说，是没有意义的。值得注意的是，阅读有关英文科技论文，不仅可以了解研究进展和动态，而且，可以学会科技英文表达。同样，选题很好，研究工作做得不够细致、深入，也难有说服力，难以成为有价值的研究工作。由于本书只介绍英文科研论文的写作，不讲如何做研究，因此只介绍有了好的研究成果后如何写成合格的科研文章。 The goal of scientific research is publication. Scientists, starting as graduate students, are measured primarily not by their dexterity in laboratory manipulations, not by their innate knowledge of either broad or narrow scientific subjects, and certainly not by their wit or charm; they are measured, and become known (or remain unknown) by their publications. A scientific experiment, no matter how spectacular the results, is not completed until the results are published. Thus, the scientists must not only “do” the science but must “write” science. Bad writing can and often does prevent or delay the publication of good science. 科研论文的一般格式。 科研论文，不象散文、小说那样形式可以千姿百态，而具有较为固定的格式。从某种意义上说，科研论文是“八股文”。 The IMRAD format. What question (problem) was studied? The answer is the Introduction. How was the problem studied? The answer is the Methods. What were the findings? The answer is the Results. What do these findings mean? The answer is the Discussion. 其通常的组成和每部分的特点见表1。 表1 科研论文格式及其特点 组成部分名称 (按文章顺序) 特点或简要说明 题目 Title 10-20 words 简明，不必求全。 Brief. A complete sentence is not necessary. 作者信息 姓名 单位地址 联系方式：E-mail地址、 传真、电话。 Authorship Names of authors Affiliation E-mail address and telephone and fax numbers for corresponding author, if possible. 通讯作者：往往是固定研究人员或项目负责人。 Corresponding author: Faculty member or principal investigator. 摘要 Abstract 150-200 英文词，说明研究目的、方法、结果、结论和意义。可以写一些定量结果。不仅对读者，而且对文献检索者都有帮助。 150-200 words to give purpose, methods or procedures, new results and their significance, and conclusions. Write for literature searchers a