可编程逻辑控制器技术 毕业设计外文翻译.docVIP

毕业论文（设计） 外文翻译 题 目： 系部名称：专业班级： 学生姓名： 学 号： 指导教师： 教师职称 2014年月日 Chapter 8 Programmable Logic Controller TechnologyIntroduction PLC( programmable logic controller ) is actually an industrial microcontroller system (in more recent times we meet processors instead of microcontrollers) where you have hardware and software specifically adapted to industrial environment. It is a device that was invented to replace the necessary sequential relay circuits for machine control. The PLC works by looking at its inputs and depending upon their state, turning on/of its outputs. The user enters a program, usually via software or programmer that gives the desired result. Black schema with typical components, which PLC consists of, is found in Fig .8-1.Special attention need to be given to input an output, because in these blocks you find protection needed in isolating a CPU blocks from damaging influences that industrial environment can bring to a CPU via input lines. Program unit is usually a computer used for writing a program (often in ladder diagram).1.1 CPU-Central Processing Unit Central Processing Unit (CPU) is the brain of a PLC controller. CPU itself is usually one of the microcontrollers. Aforetime these were 8-bit microcontrollers such as 8051, and now these are 16-bit and 32-bit microcontrollers. Unspoken rule is that you’ll find mostly Hitachi and Fujicu microcontrollers in PLC controllers by Japanese makers, Siemens in European controllers, and Motorola microcontrollers in American ones. CPU also takes care of communication, interconnectedness among other parts of PLC controller, program execution, memory operation, overseeing input and setting up of an output. PLC controllers have complex routines for memory checkup in order to ensure that PLC memory was not damaged (memory checkup is done for safety reasons). Generally speaking, CPU unit makes a great number of check-ups of the PLC controlle