罗伯特·达尔多元民主思想的研究.doc

Robert Dahls Pluralistic democratic thought Abstract Democracy is one of the most core problems in todays political theory study, and also one of the hottest theory topics in current domestic fundamental political theory study. Robert Dahl was the founder and an outstanding representative of pluralist democracy thought. His pluralist democracy thought is regarded as the orthodox American democracy thought, and a necessary research topic when western democracy thought is studied. This paper will sort out and explain his pluralist democracy thought with the method of literature research, and then analyze the connotation, reasonable factors and values of this thought. Dahl’s pluralist democracy thought was formed during the period between 1930s and 1980s which was a time full of wild fluctuations ad changes in some western countries and even in the world. Fascism, the Second World War and the serious credit crisis towards American government called for development of democracy thought. Along with vigorous development of interest groups and formation of pluralistic society, political pluralism developed step by step and traditional democracy values faced to severe challenges.Dahl’s pluralist democracy thought has profound theoretical source, including Madison democracy, populist democracy, utilitarianism, group theory of personality and social checks and balances, and elite democracy theory. Dahl divided democracy into ideal democracy and realistic democracy. Ideal democracy meets the standard of the big five in the political system. The typical representative of realistic democracy is “representative democracy” which is the most close to the ideal democracy and also walks towards ideal democracy constantly, although it cannot meet the standard of ideal democracy completely. Democracy keeps walking forward and during the process of its development, it calls for a variety of guarantees such as democratic political system and some other conditions which can give some supp