超声波毕业论文详细分解.docVIP

本设计采用以AT89C51单片机为核心的低成本、高精度、微型化数字显示超声 波测距仪的硬件电路和软件设计方法。整个电路采用模块化设计，由主程序、预置 子程序、发射子程序、接收子程序、显示子程序等模块组成。各探头的信号经单片 机综合分析处理，实现超声波测距仪的各种功能。在此基础上设计了系统的总体方 案，最后通过硬件和软件实现了各个功能模块。相关部分附有硬件电路图、程序流 程图。 超声波液位测量是一种非接触式的测量方式,它是利用超声波在同种介质中传播速度相对恒定以及碰到障碍物能反射的原理研制而成的。与其它方法相比(如电磁的或光学的方法),它不受光线、被测对象颜色的影响，对于被测物处于黑暗、有灰尘、烟雾、电磁干扰、有毒等恶劣的环境下有一定的适应能力。 Abstract At the core of the design using AT89C51 low-cost, high accuracy, Micro figures show that the ultrasonic range finder hardware and software design methods. Modular design of the whole circuit from the main program, pre subroutine fired subroutine receive subroutine. display subroutine modules form. SCM comprehensive analysis of the probe signal processing, and the ultrasonic range finder function. On the basis of the overall system design, hardware and software by the end of each module. The ultrasonic liquid level measurement is a non-contact measurement method, realized by the principle of ultrasonic wave in the same medium with relatively constant propagation velocity and being reflected when it approaches an obstacle. Compared with other methods (such as electromagnetic or optical method), it has a certain of adaptability when objects to be measured are under such harsh environment as darkness, dust, smoke, electromagnetic interference, toxicity, unaffected by the light or the color of the object to be measured. Therefore, it bears important practical significance to conduct research on the application of ultrasonic wave in high precision ranging system. Key words:The MCU Smallest system；The Ultrasonic Distance Measurement；iquid Level Measurement目录 1 绪论 1 1.1课题背景及重要意义 1 1.2国内超声检测发展综述 2 1.3超声波测距存在的问题 2 1.4 课题设计概述 2 1.4.1 设计项目概述 2 1.4.2 设计要求 3 1.4.3 超声波测距的原理 3 2 超声波液位测量 4 2.1 超声波液位测量仪 4 2.2 超声波水位测量系统 5 2.3 温度补偿电路 5 2.4 盲区处理 6 3 超声波测距器硬件系统设计[7] 8 3.1 相关硬件 8 3.2 总体方案设计 13 3.3 超声波发射电路设计 14 3.4 超声波接收电路的设计 15 3.5 单片机显示电路的设计 15 3.6 PROTEL DXP 2004构建原理图 17 3.7 proteus仿真 18 3.8 电路焊接与整机调试 19 4 软件系统设计 21 4.1 总体设计 21 4