图1小社区污水日流量变化.pptVIP

Primary Treatment Text A Wastewater Pretreatment As civilization developed and cities grew, domestic sewage and industrial waste were eventually discharged into drainage ditches and sewers, and the entire contents emptied into the nearest watercourse. For major cities, this discharge was often enough to destroy even a large body of water. 随着文明的进步与城市的发展，生活污水和工业废水不断流入排水沟和下水道，并最终流入附近的河道。对主要城市来说，这些污水排放通常足以破坏大量的水体。 Wastewater Characteristics Discharges into a sanitary sewerage system consist of domestic wastewater, industrial discharge, and infiltration. The last adds to the total wastewater volume but is not itself a concern in wastewater disposal, infiltration will even dilute municipal sewage to some extent. These discharges vary widely with the size and type of industry and the amount of treatment applied before discharge into sewers. 生活污水、工业废水和渗透物排放到污水沟管系统，其中渗透物本身并不需要处理，它仅增加了污水总量，甚至在一定程度上能稀释污水。这些污水的特性依工业规模、工业类型以及在排入下水道前的处理情况的不同而不同 Domestic sewage varies substantially in quantity and quality over time and from one community to the next. Apical variation for a small community is shown in Fig1.不同社区、不同时间段内的生活污水的水质和水量有很大不同，下列图1显示的是某一小型社区的污水日流量的变化。 Table1 shows typical values for the most important parameters of domestic wastewater.表1 显示的是该社区生活污水的一些最重要的特性系数值。 图1： 小社区污水日流量变化 Parameter 参数 Typical value for domestic sewage 典型值 BOD 生化需氧量 250 mg/L Ss 悬浮物 220 mg/L Phosphorus 磷 8mg/L Organic and ammonia nitrogen 有机氨氮 40 mg/L PH PH值 6.8 Chemical oxygen demand 化学需氧量 500 mg/L total solids 总固体颗粒物 270 mg/L 表1 典型生活污水的特性 The treatment system selected to achieve these effluent standards includes:为达到排放标准的污水处理系统包括： (1)Primary treatment: physical processes that remove nonhomogenizable solids and homogenize the remaining effluent. 一级处理：是应用物理处理法去除污水中不能均一化的固体物质，并均一化其余废水。 (2)Secondary treatment: biological processes that remove most of the biochemical demand for oxygen. 二级处理：是应用生物处理法去除大量的生化需氧物质  (3)Tertiary treatment: physical, biological, and chemical processes that remove nut