【2015春走向高考】高三英语一轮复习课件 人教版（课标卷地区）：解题策略16.pptVIP

把握文章的基本结构有利于理解文章主题。在近几年的高考英语试题中出现了专门考查文章结构和写作手法的考题，如安徽卷中的任务型读写题、江苏卷中的任务型阅读题和湖南卷中的填空题就考查了考生对文章结构的理解。北京卷、陕西卷、重庆卷在近几年的阅读理解中也比较注重对文章结构的考查。在《考试大纲》中也明确要求考生“理解文章的基本结构”。高考对文章结构的考查主要涉及两个层次：一是按段落的组织方法理解文章的结构，二是按写作方法(论证方法)理解文章的结构。 命题形式： Which of the following shows the organization/structure of the passage? How is the passage organized? The passage is mainly developed by __________. What is the right order of the steps in doing __________？ The second paragraph is developed by __________. 应试策略： ①把握全文的逻辑框架，理解段落与段落之间的逻辑关系。 ②理解段落内论点与论据，细节与主题之间的关系。 ③掌握常见的写作方法(时间顺序、空间顺序、例证关系、对比关系等)和结构(总——分、总——分——总、分——总等)。 ④结合不同文体全面考虑。 [典例1](2013·陕西)According to sociologists(社会学家), every modern industrial society has some form of social stratification(阶层). Class, power and status are important in deciding peoples rank in society. Class means a persons economic position in society. A commonly used classification is lower class, middle class and upper class. While sociologists disagree on how these terms should be exactly defined, they do describe societies like the United States quite well. One study shows that 53% of Americans belong to the lower class, 46% the middle class, and 1% the upper class. Interestingly, a surgeon earning $500,000 a year and a bus driver earning $50,000 a year both regard themselves as the middle class! Power refers to the amount of control a person has over other people. Obviously, people in positions of great power (such as governors) exercise(行使)big power, but people who take orders from others have less power. Power and class do not always go hand in hand, however. For example, the governor of a state has great power, but he or she may not belong to a corresponding (相应的)economic class. Generally, however, there is a relationship between power and class. To our knowledge, there arent too many people who arent millionaires in the U．S. Senate! Status is the honor or respect attached to a persons position in society. It can also be affected by power and class, but not n