西方哲学史人物英汉对照.doc

Thales –泰勒斯 Birth ca. 624–625 BC Death ca. 547–546 BC School/tradition 学派/传统 Ionian Philosophy, Milesian school, Naturalism 爱奥尼亚哲学，米利都学派，自然主义 Main interests 主要兴趣 Ethics, Metaphysics, Mathematics, Astronomy 伦理学 形而上学，数学，天文学 Notable ideas 著名思想 Water is the physis, Thales theorem 水是基砖，泰勒斯定理 Influenced by 所受影响 Ancient Egyptian mathematics and religion 古埃及数学与宗教 Influenced 影响 Pythagoras, Anaximander, Anaximenes 毕达哥拉斯，阿那克西曼德，阿那克西米尼 ? Thales of Miletus was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher from Miletus in Asia Minor, and one of the Seven Sages of Greece. Many, most notably Aristotle, regard him as the first philosopher in the Greek tradition. According to Bertrand Russell, Philosophy begins with Thales. 米利都的泰勒斯是小亚细亚的米利都得前苏格拉底希腊哲学家，希腊七贤之一。很多人（最有名的是亚里士多德）把他作为希腊传统的第一个哲学家。按照贝特兰·罗素的说法，“哲学始于泰勒斯。” Thales lived around the mid 620s–547 BC and was born in the city of Miletus. Miletus was an ancient Greek Ionian city on the western coast of Asia Minor (in what is today the Aydin Province of Turkey) near the mouth of the Maeander River 泰勒斯生活在公元前620年到547年之间，生于米利都城。米利都是处于小亚细亚西海岸的古希腊爱奥尼亚城市（在当今的土耳其艾登省），距离缅安达河口很近。 The dates of Thales life are not known precisely. The time of his life is roughly established by a few dateable events mentioned in the sources and an estimate of his length of life. According to Herodotus, Thales once predicted a solar eclipse which has been determined by modern methods to have been on May 28, 585 BC. Diogenes La?rtius quotes the chronicle of Apollodorus as saying that Thales died at 78 in the 58th Olympiad, and Sosicrates as reporting that he was 90 at his death. 我们对泰勒斯的生活年代知道得不甚确切。我们可以用资料中提到的一些确定日期的事件来确定他生平的大概事件并估计他的寿命。按希腊多德[希腊历史学家]所说，泰勒斯曾经预测过一次日食，用当代技术确定这次日食发生于公元前585年5月28日。第欧根尼·拉尔修援引阿波罗多禄斯编年史，认为泰勒斯78岁时死于第五十八届奥运会，索西克拉底认为泰勒斯是90岁时死的。 Thales involved himself in many activities, taking the role of an innovator. Some say that he left no writings, others that he wrote On the Solstice and On the Equinox. Neither have survived. Diogenes Laeuml;rtius qu