2015-2016学年高中英语总结与练习（北师大）：Module 2 Unit 6 Lessons 34 Grammar-定语从句——关系代词 .docVIP

GRAMMAR 定语从句——关系代词 定语从句是在复合句中起定语作用的从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词（that, which, who, whom, whose等）和关系副词(where, when, why等)。。 1. 关系代词that与which ?????? 在定语从句中, 关系代词that既可指人，也可指物；which一般用于指物。如： ?????? My cousin is no longer the man that he used to be. ?????? The old town has narrow streets and small houses that / which are built close to each other. ?????? Parents should pay attention to the books which / that their kids read. ★关系代词that与which指物时，往往可以互换，但以下情况多用that： ① 当先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, much, little，none等不定代词或先行词被only, few, little, no, all, every, very等词修饰时。如： Don’t believe everything that he tells you. All the presents that your friends give you on your birthday should be put away. ② 当先行词同时包括人和物时。如： Then they talked of the persons and things that interested them. ③ 当先行词前有序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时。如： The first thing that must be done now is to put up a tent. Mount Huangshan is one of the most beautiful mountains in China that I’ve ever visited. 2. 关系代词who与whom ?????? who指人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语，一般可用that替换；whom指人，是宾格，在定语从句中作宾语，在口语和非正式文体中可用who或that替换，也可以省略。如： The man who / that spoke to the headmaster just now is our physics teacher. The woman (who / whom / that) we met at the school gate is Wei Fang’s mother.’t know the girl about whom you talked just now. 3. 关系代词whose ????? whose是who的所有格，在定语从句中作定语，起限定作用。whose引导定语从句时，先行词可以是人，也可以是物。如： ?????? This is the famous doctor whose daughter teaches in our school. ?????? Would you please pass me the book whose cover is blue? 【即学即练】I. 观察下列句子，指出其中的先行词和关系代词，并分析关系代词在定语从句中的作用。 1. The tall man who is standing over there is my brother. 先行词为________，关系代词为________，在从句中作________。 2. I have just met the lady whom I saw last week. 先行词为________，关系代词为________，在从句中作________。 3. The boys whose names were called stood up. 先行词为________，关系代词为________，在从句中作________。 4. This is the book which you wanted. 先行词为________，关系代词为________，在从句中作________。 5. The clothes that are on the floor are dirty. 先行词为________，关系代词为________，在从句中作________。 从括号内选出正确的选项填