水平井完井及开采配套技术教程.doc

摘 要 水平井已经成为辽河油区老油田挖潜和新区产能建设的重要技术手段，在薄层、层状边水、块状底水、裂缝等不同类型油藏开发中发挥了重要的作用，取得了一定的成效。然而随着水平井规模应用进程的加快，制约水平井技术发展的问题已然显现，如个别区块（欢127块）水平井出砂严重以及筛管损坏，导致油井无法正常生产；稠油热采水平井受油层非均质及周边直井采出影响，造成水平段动用不均；水平井下泵深度受限，举升能力不够；无法监测注汽水平井水平段参数；多分支井缺乏有效的分合采工艺技术等。这些问题不仅是现有水平井技术应用的难点，而且直接影响了水平井的部署、应用，成为制约水平井开采的主要矛盾。 目前国外对水平井、分支井开采工艺技术进行了系统研究，国内虽然在个别领域进行了针对性的攻关，但在完井技术、分段注汽、多分支井热注、不同压力系统的多分支井分合采及水平段蒸汽参数测试及解释方法研究等方面仍存在一定的局限性，甚至有些技术国内还没有涉足。通过对水平井、多分支井防砂完井技术研究、水平井举升工艺技术研究、水平井分段注汽等水平井开采配套技术的研究，弥补国内外水平井完井及开采配套技术研究的空白，为辽河油田水平井开采技术的发展提供强有力的技术支持。 关键词：水平井；防砂完井；举升；分段注汽；分采 Abstract Horizontal wells have become an important means for tapping the potential of mature fields and establishing the production capacity of new blocks in LiaoheOilfield ,and they have played an important role in the development of different types of reservoirs,such as reservoirs with thin layers,laminar reservoirs with edge water,massive reservoirs with bottom water and fractures,etc and certain achievements have been obtained.However,with the developmentof the application of horizontal wells,problems limiting its development have become obvious.For example,some hoirozntal wells in some blocks(Block Huan127)had serious sand production problems and damaged screens,resulting in that the oil wells could not produce normally.Heavy oil thermal recovery horizontal wells were affected by reservoir heterogeneity and production from surrounding vertical wells,leading to uneven producing horizontal sections.Pump setting depths were limited in some horizontal wells,leading to insufficient lifting capacity.The parameters in the horizontal sections of steam injection horizontal wells could not be monitored.No effective separate production/commingled production technologies were available for multilateral wells.All these problems were the key ones in the application of horizontal well technologies and they directly affected the deployment and application of horizontal wells,becoming the key problems limiting the development of horizontal wells.