交叉口机动车倒计时信号灯对驾驶员行为的影响介绍.doc

摘 要 道路交叉口倒计时信号灯是交叉口预告设施的一种，是现代交通控制信号灯系统中必需的设备之一，倒计时显示是为了提示灯色发生改变的时间，可以帮助驾驶员在交叉口信号灯色改变的时刻做出合适的选择。但是各地区及研究人员对倒计时信号灯在交叉口的应用褒贬不一，为了探究清楚这一设施的有效性。 本文以交叉口机动车倒计时信号灯为研究对象，在总结国内外现有研究成果的基础上，提出从驾驶员的角度出发，通过驾驶行为分析对机动车倒计时信号灯的应用做出客观的评价。 本文建立了交叉口处驾驶员信息处理结构模型；运用现场问卷调查、网络调查相结合的方法对数据进行了采集，并对比了有无倒计时信号灯的两种类型的交叉口处驾驶员的行为差异，最后还给出了驾驶员个体差异带来的行为差异，总结了倒计时信号灯对驾驶员行为的利弊影响。 研究结果表明，机动车倒计时信号显示时间对驾驶员的行为决策存在着显著影响，能够带来很多的好处，如有明显的提示作用，有利于提前做好准备，便于驾驶员完成驾驶操作（如停车排队或原速通过）。但是，也存在一定得不足之处，如有时候倒计时信号灯会促使人们的“最后几秒加速”的抢灯行为，存在一定的安全隐患。总体来说，倒计时灯的应用利远大于弊，应该大力推广。同时，研究结论可以为交通管理部门对倒计时信号灯设置的改进提供参考，从而提高设施设置的有效性。 关键词：交叉口，机动车倒计时信号灯，驾驶员行为的影响因素，驾驶员行为决策，调查统计分析 ABSTRACT Countdown Signal Intersections trailer facility is a kind of modern traffic control signal system, one of the necessary equipment, countdown display to prompt light color change of the time, you can help the driver to change the color of the lights at the intersection always make the right choice. However, regions and researchers countdown lights at intersections mixed application, to explore the effectiveness of this facility clearly. In this paper, the countdown lights vehicle for the study, at the conclusion on the basis of domestic and foreign research results presented should be the drivers perspective through the countdown to the motor vehicle driving behavior analysis application letter lights make an objective assessment. Paper establishes intersection driver information processing structure model; using site surveys, web surveys method of combining the data is collected and compared whether the countdown lights at the intersection of two types of driver behavior differences and, finally, gives individual differences in driver behavior differences brought about, summed up the countdown lights on the pros and cons of influence driver behavior. The results showed that motor vehicle countdown signal displays the time of the drivers behavior there are significant influence decision-making, can bring many benefits, if obvious hints role in helping to prepare i