第1章 动植物检疫的起源与发展-E.pptxVIP

Conspectus of animal and plant quarantine;;References;Outlines;Chapter I Beginning and development of animal and plant quarantine;Section IHistory of animal and plant quarantine;Beginning of quarantine; Isolation is still a effective measure for the prevention of epidemics.;;History of animal and plant quarantine; Plant quarantine in the early age： Law were passed in French for prohibiting the entry of grape branches from abroad. (1872) grape phylloxera(葡萄根瘤蚜).;Plant quarantine in the early age：; Animal quarantine in the early age In 1866, the United kingdom decreed culling all the rinderpest（牛瘟） infected cattle. In 1869, the United kingdom passed “Law on the prevention and control of infectious diseases” to prevent recurrence of rinderpest due to the importing of cattle. In 1871, Japan take legal measures to prevent introduction of rinderpest from Siberia area. In 1886, “Animal epidemic prevention regulations” was released. ;In 1879, Italy banned imports of American meat products. trichina, cestode（旋毛虫，猪肉绦虫） In 1881, Austria, Germany and France also issued a ban on the import of American meat.;;;（2） Gypsy moth (From Europe to America) 舞毒蛾 Feature: A big pest of forest and fruit trees. Host 500 kinds of plants. The main damage is leaves, the leaves can be eaten within a few weeks.;（3）Patato beetle（America）马铃薯甲虫 Features: World famous destructive quarantine pests. The host plants are mainly from nightshade, and the potato is the most suitable host, but also the tomato, eggplant, pepper, tobacco and so on.;（4）African swine fever 非洲猪瘟 Feature: an acute and highly contagious viral disease of swine and its characteristics is a short course of disease, but the mortality rate is as high as 100%.;（5）Garden Goldenrod 加拿大一枝黄花 In 1935, Garden Goldenrod was first introduced to China as an ornamental plant. However, it developed into weed as its strong ability of reproduction. Its plant are 3 meters high and 1.5 meters, has a wide ecological adap