11公共物品剖析.ppt

第十一章 公共物品和共有资源 微观经济学 LEARNING OBJECTIVES By the end of this chapter, you should understand: ?the defining characteristics of public goods and common resources. ?why private markets fail to provide public goods. ?why the cost–benefit analysis of public goods is both necessary and difficult. ?why people tend to use common resources too much. Case Study 深圳公用电话亭频遭黑手 内容提要 不同类型的物品 公共物品 共有资源 共有地悲剧 一些重要的共有资源（例：黄牛为什么没有绝种） 案例：大梅沙公园该不该收费 Key points 不同类型的物品 When thinking about the various goods in the economy, it is useful to group them according to two characteristics: Is the good exclu