韶关地区菜地土壤动物群落多样性与研究.docVIP

韶关地区菜地土壤动物群落多样性的研究 舒宽楠 生物科学系 03生物技术（1）班 0307111063 摘要：采用Tullgren干漏斗法对韶关市武江区黄田坝村委管辖的菜地中的砂土田,砂壤土田及轻壤土田3个样地的土壤动物群落结构、多样性及其水平分布、垂直分布进行了实地调查研究。共采获土壤动物1门3纲9目共765只。其中优势类群为弹尾目(Collembola),常见土壤动物类群为蜱螨目(Acaraina)、蜘蛛目(Araneae),土壤肥力与种植的蔬菜的不同对土壤动物群落的组成和数量具有较大的影响．从单位面积土壤动物数量来看，表现为轻壤土砂土砂壤土. 多样性指数是：砂壤土砂土轻壤土；优势度指数是：轻壤土砂土砂壤土；相似性指数分析为:砂壤土与砂土轻壤土与砂土砂壤土与轻壤土。从季节变化来看，大致表现为3月左右出现高峰期,4月和5月左右出现低谷期，春夏季波动大的动态变化趋势．从土壤动物类群数量的垂直分布来看，随着土壤层次的加深而递减，0～5cm土壤层数量最大． 关键词：土壤动物；群落结构；多样性； The research of the diversity of soil animal in the vegetable plot Of Shaoguan City Shu kuannan Department Of Bioscience, biotechnology class one 2003,0307111063 Abstract：By the way of Tullgren , the dominance(C)，evenness(E)，richness(D)， diversity(H) and similarity coeficient(q) of soil animal communities were investigated in the sandy soil farmland , the pebbles soil farmland and mud farmland in the Vegetables land of the rule of Huangtian dam villager, Wujiang Area，Shaoguan city. Also．both stratification patternand horizontal pattern of soil animals in the areas were examined． A total of 765 individuals belong to 1 sorts，3 orders，9 species were collected in the sample soil. The results showed that Collembola was the dominants in the three plots. Acarain and Araneae were the ordinary groups of soil animal community in this area．Different soil fatty dint and Vegetables could bring great influences on the total amount and composition of soil animalcommunity. There was a change trend in the 3 soil poltas follow：Mud farmland Sandy soil farmland Pebbles soil farmland in the animals density in soil．The pebbles soil farmland had the highest both in species and individual numbers and diversity．The mud farmland showed the highest dominance．The similarity coeficient between the pebbles soil farmland and mud farmland community is the least. The seasonal change of soil animal community was fluctuant in the spring and summer．From the vertical distribution of soil animals in so