医学心理学Emotion课件.pptVIP

Emotion Two components of emotion They have preparatory and communicative functions. The preparatory involves both general arousal, which prepare the organism as a whole for action, and specific arousal which prepares the organism for a particular behaviour. Autonomic responses Emotional Arousal The skeletomotor systems Expressing Emotion Smiles can show different emotions: A) Mask anger B) Overly polite C) Soften criticism D) Reluctant compliance Expressing Emotion Culturally universal expressions A theory of emotion must explain the relationship of cognitive and physiological states James-Lange theory In 1884, William James propose that the cognitive experience of emotion is secondary to its physiological expression. James and Lange proposed that the feeling state, the conscious experience of emotion, occurs after the cortex receives signals about changes in our physiological state. James-Lange theory fails to explain why one often continues to be emotionally aroused even after the physiological have subsided. Cannon-Bard theory This theory emphasises the role of the hypothalamus and other subcortical structures in mediating both the cognitive and peripheral aspects of emotion. The hypothalamus and the thalamus regulate the peripheral signs of emotions and provide the cortex with the information required to process the emotion. The theory was based on the observation that cats in which the whole cerebral cortex had been removed retained fully integrated emotional responses, termed sham rage because the responses appear to lack elements of conscious experience that are characteristic of genuine, naturally occurring rage. When Bard analysed sham rage by progressive transections, he found that coordinated response disappeared living only isolated element of the response when the hypothalamus was included in the ablation Magda Arnold theory Autonomic responses are not an essential component of emotion. Emotion is the product of unconscious evaluation of