临床合理使用抗生素细菌耐药现状与对策剖析.ppt

* * 要点： 见幻灯。 * * * * * Slide * A presumptive clinical diagnosis of pneumonia is often made when patients develop a new radiological infiltrate associated with fever, leukocytosis, and purulent tracheal secretion, and when microorganisms are isolated by nonquantitative analysis of endotracheal aspirates.1 This clinical approach may lead to an overestimation of the incidence of HAP because cases of tracheobronchial colonization and non-infectious etiologies mimicking HAP may be included in the diagnosis. Therefore, patients may be exposed to antibiotics unnecessarily, potentially leading to the