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New Trend in Robotic SurgeryDr YUEN Pong Mo 机器人手术的新趋势 阮帮武 教授 * MBChB (CUHK), FHKAM(OG), FHKCOG (HK), FRCOG (UK) Director of Minimally Invasive Gynaecology, Hong Kong Sanatorium Hospital Honorary Clinical Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Honorary Consultant, Department of Obstetrics Gynaecology, Kwong Wah Hospital 腹腔镜的优势是减少出血量、术后疼痛、缩短治疗时间和加快恢复。通过基础的腹腔镜检查的广泛应用，只有少数医生具有高超子宫切除术和子宫肌瘤的手术技术。它没有涉及更多的复杂的手术，例如根治性子宫切除术和骨盆的重建。这是因为腹腔镜受二维视野、计数器的直觉手动、有限的设备移动和初级的人机工程学手术位置的限制。极高难的学习周期和长时间的手术时间是微创技术广泛应用的主要障碍。机器人在手术中的应用克服了传统腹腔镜的局限和促进微创技术的应用。 Laparoscopy offers advantages of less blood loss, less post-operative pain, shorter hospitalization time, and quicker recovery. Though basic laparoscopic procedures are widely practiced, relatively few gynaecologists possess the skills in performing advanced procedures like hysterectomy and myomectomy, not to mention the more complex procedures such as radical hysterectomy and pelvic reconstructive procedure. This is because laparoscopy is hampered by its two-dimensional visualization, counter-intuitive hand movements, limited degrees of instrument motion and inferior ergonomic surgeon position. The steep learning curve and longer operating time are major obstacle to the more widespread applications of this minimally invasive technique. The introduction of robotic technology into surgical practice overcomes the limitations of conventional laparoscopy and facilitates the application of these minimally invasive techniques for more advanced and complex procedures. History of Surgical Robotics The concept of surgical robot was first developed in late 1980s at the National Aeronautics and Space Centre (NASA) to perform battlefield surgery by enabling surgeons to carry out surgical procedures remotely over a distance. With the involvement of the Stanford Research Institute (subsequently named SRI Internatio