第六章词汇翻译的技巧（下）.pptVIP

第六章：词汇翻译的技巧（下） 6.1 词汇转类法：翻译时在保持原文内容不变的前提下，改变原文中某些词的此类，以求译文通顺自然，合乎译入语的表达习惯。 例如: 1，For 20 years they were passive witnesses to the deterioration of prices of our raw materials and an excessive increase of the prices of manufactured of good. 原译：在20年中，他们是原材料价格下跌、工业品价格暴涨的消极目击者。 6.1.1 英语的名词、形容词转换为汉语的动词、副词 英语中具有动作意义或动词转化来的名词，在翻译时往往转换为动词，而修饰该名词的形容词便可相应地转换为副词。 例如：2， We also realized the growing need and necessity to industrialize certain sectors of the economy. 3, There is bit increase in demand for all kinds of consumer goods in every part of our country. 具有动作意义或有动词转化过来的名词，如果后面跟着起引导作用短语，前后两个名词往往是属于动宾关系，可译成汉语的动宾短语。 例如：4， His real mission in life was to contribute, in one way or another, to the overthrow of ruthless dictators. 这种句型有时也可以译成主谓（宾）结构。 例如：5，This pessimistic forecast speaks of the destruction of the balance of nature--pollution, waste and hunger. 6, The victory of justice over arbitrary acts, of reason over decadence and blindness, of democracy over imperialism, of good over evil, our victory of 25 October will represent one of the glorious pages of our history, and we shall be able to leave it to our heirs. 6.1.2 英语的动词、副词转换为汉语的名词、形容词， 如英语动词转换成汉语名词，修饰英语动词的副词随之转换成汉语的形容词。 例如：7， Independent observers have commented favorably on the achievements you have made in this direction. 8, The volume of trade has increased tremendously to the advantage of both countries. 6.1.3 英语的形容词转换为汉语的动词：可转换为汉语动词的英语形容词以现在分词和过去分词或动词同根者居多，也有其他可以延伸为动词的形容词。 例如：9，We seek a deep-rooted understanding through the multiplication of our economic, cultural, scientific, technical and human ties. 10, In China’s approach to relations with other countries, we find a welcome emphasis on the principles of the equality of states and respect for the rights and views of small and middle powers. 英语用以表示知觉、感情、欲望等心理状态的形容词与联系动词构成复合谓语时，汉译时一般总是转换为动词。 afraid 害怕；content 满足；anxious 渴望；delighted 高兴；aware 觉察、知道； doubtful 怀疑；careful 当心、注意； familiar 熟悉； certain 确信；glad 高兴 grateful 感谢；thankful 感谢； ignorant 不知