节肢动物(英文)资料.pptVIP

Medical Entomology Jin Liqun Department of Parasitology Shantou University Medical College lqjin@stu.edu.cn Medical Entomology Medical Arthropodology Arthropod : Phylum Arthropoda节肢动物门 These organisms are characterized by having of jointed legs, body segments ,a hard outer covering or exoskeleton made of chitin（几丁质）. Three important characteristics: 1 bilaterally symmetric body with jointed appendages. 2 chitinized exoskeleton . 3 hemocele: the body cavity serves as blood cavity simultaneously. Classification Phylum Arthopoda contains the following Classes : 1 Insecta 昆虫纲、六足纲： insects , 2 Arachnida 蛛形纲，spiders, mites, ticks, scorpions, etc , 3 Chilopoda centipedes ，唇足纲 , 4 Diplopoda milipedes，倍足纲 , and 5 Crustacea 甲壳纲，crabs, shrimp, lobsters, water fleas, etc . * Arachnida （蛛形纲） * Insecta 昆虫纲、六足纲） The impairment of arthropods to humans 1 Direct impairment: 1a : harassment and blood sucking 1b: sting and inoculation of poison 1c: allergic reaction 1d: parasitism : such as myiasis, scabies, etc. Indirect impairment 1 Mechanical transmitting vector They play the role as a passive carrier of pathogens. 2 Biological transmitting vector The arthropod is used by pathogens not only as a vehicle but also as an environment for development and/or reproduction to their infective stages. How to judge an arthropod as a transmitting vector? four evidences 1 Biological evidence: closely related with humans, dominant species, longer life span 2 Epidemiological evidence closely related with distribution epidemic region and season 3 Evidence of natural infection pathogen isolated from the vector Laboratory evidence Artificial infection Ticks and mites Morphology: Gnathosoma 颚体、假头 Idiosoma 躯体 4 pairs of legs Adult Life cycle Egg ----- larva---- nymph（若虫）---- adult Hard tick Note: scutum on its back Male left Female right Soft tick Without scutum Ticks A female hard tick’s body may increase many times after its blo