11(虚拟语气).pptVIP

Chapter 6 Subjunctive Mood Ⅰ. Three types of moods 1. Indicative--- a general description of facts Different forms --- affirmative/ negative/ interrogative/ exclamatory 2. Imperative --- expressing an order, a request, advice, etc. (Generally there is no subject in the sentence.) Two forms --- affirmative (base [root] form) --- negative --- Don’t [Never]…/ Let us not… Examples: In this case, let us not apply KCL at node V1. Don’t be fooled; some very simple circuits can be quite useful. This mood is widely used in different problems. If…., prove /find /show /solve /determine / evaluate /calculate… 3. Subjunctive There are three types in Science: 1) sth. opposite to reality; sth. Impossible or very difficult to realize. 2) Subjective desire, request, suggestion, etc. 3) Expressing politeness or mildness Ⅱ. Main forms of subjunctive mood in technical English 1. Conditional form --- belonging to the first type Verb-filling problems: ⑴ (be) there no resistance of the air, all bodies at the same height would fall at the same speed. ⑵ The instrument (not damage) had the voltage not been so high. ⑶ anything (happen) let us know as soon as possible. a. referring to the present or future action Conditional clause (if, unless, in case, provided) : were (was) / past tense Main clause : Past future tense b. referring to the past action Conditional clause : Past perfect tense Main clause : Past future perfect tense c. referring to the future action Conditional clause : (should + ) base form / were + to (do) Main clause : Past future / Single future (If the conjunction is omitted, the subclause must be partially inverted.) Examples: If the sign of inequality be reversed, u has neither a maximum nor a minimum. Should these bombers encounter such an air-defense system, the results could be fatal. If you had taken your medicine yesterday, you would be well now. 2. In the object, subject, predicative or appositive clause --- be