水滴式饲料粉碎机的机械CAD图纸设计.doc

摘 要 锤片式粉碎机是转子在高速旋转工况下工作的机械，如其他高速旋转机械一样，存在静态不平衡问题，也存在旋转工况下的动态不平衡问题，这不可避免地要在运转产生振动和噪声，从而对粉碎机的安装基础、自身结构、使用性能(能耗、效率)及工环境带来不利影响。根据动静平衡原理，采用了改变锤片的在轴上的布置方式，将原来的非对称式改为较易建立动静平衡的对称交错排列，并运用了传统的平衡校验方法对改进后的转子进行了验算，从而建立了基本上的动静平衡。考虑了不平衡量大小和不平衡位置对转子系统振动的影响;校核了结构的强度，得到了机座结构的静刚度值和动刚度值。分析结果表明不平衡度对整机的震动和强度有较大影响。应用机械优化设计理论，探讨了利用动静平衡原理进行结构动态优化设计，优化效果比较显著;最后针对影响锤片式机动态特性的其它因素，提出了减振措施。 所得结论为粉碎机产品的减振降噪设计以及转子的动静平衡校验提供理论依据时，通过对锤片式粉碎机结构动态优化设计方法的研究，为今后相似类型旋转机械的优化设计提供一个工程参考。 关键词:锤片式粉碎机；动态特性；动态优化设计；动静平衡。 Abstract Hammer mill is a high-speed rotation of rotor operating conditions in the work of machinery, like other high-speed rotating machinery, the existence of static imbalance, but also the dynamics of rotating unbalanced conditions, which inevitably arise in the operation vibration and noise, so the installed base of the mill, its own structure, the use of performance (energy efficiency) and a negative impact on work environment. According to the principle of static and dynamic balance, using a hammer to change the axis of the layout in the original non-symmetric static and dynamic balance changed to be easier to establish symmetry with staggered, and the use of the traditional method of checking the balance of the improved rotor were checked, Basically, in order to set up the static and dynamic balance. Taking into account the size and imbalance unbalance location of the vibration of rotor system; check the structural strength, by the base structure of the value of static stiffness and dynamic stiffness values. Analysis of results showed that the imbalance of the whole intensity of the shock and have a greater impact. Application of mechanical optimal design theory, to explore the use of static and dynamic balance between the principle of dynamic optimization of structural design and optimization of a significant effect; final hammer against the impact of the dynamic characteristics of machines and other factors, the measures proposed by the vibration. Th