性能-非对称性复合分离膜论述.docVIP

摘要 本文通过相转化工艺，以聚醚酰亚胺（PEI）为支撑层材料制备了平板型基膜，然后以硅橡胶（PDMS）为皮层分离材料，采用涂敷法制备了完整的PEI/PDMS非对称性复合分离膜，并用渗透系数和分离系数作为主要参数，评价复合膜的性能。研究了基膜液中PEI浓度、添加剂含量、基膜厚度、不同皮层浓度、皮层涂敷方式、皮层干燥温度、皮层涂敷速率等因素对复合膜的影响。实验结果表明：随着基膜液中PEI浓度的增加，复合膜渗透性能有所下降，而分离性能变化不大；随着基膜液中添加剂含量的增大，复合膜渗透性能变化不大，但分离性能明显提高；随着基膜厚度的增加，复合膜渗透性能降低，但分离性能极大提高；基膜干燥程度对皮层的涂敷以及复合膜性能有很大影响；不同皮层材料对气体体系的分离性能有一定差异；在一定范围内，随着皮层浓度的增大以及涂敷速率的减慢，复合膜的分离性能有所提高，渗透性能明显下降；双面涂敷提高了复合膜的选择性，但同时也极大地降低了膜渗透性；皮层干燥温度对膜性能有一定影响。最后,得到制备PEI/PDMS非对称性复合膜的适宜条件：基膜液PEI浓度20wt%，添加剂(PEG)含量5wt%，基膜厚度190-210μm，皮层PDMS浓度20wt%，单面涂敷，皮层干燥温度70℃。综上条件下制备所得PEI/PDMS复合膜在常温下对气体体系有较好分离作用。 关键词：复合膜，相转化法，涂敷法，聚醚酰亚胺，硅橡胶，渗透性能，分离性能 ABSTRACT Using PEI as membrane support materials, NMP as a solvent, and PDMS as a selective skin layer, the multi-layers asymmetric composite membranes with a small pore size were prepared by dry/wet-phase inversion. The permeation flux and selectivity property were regarded as the key parameters for evaluating the performance of composite membranes. Effects of the composition of casting solution (concentration of polymer PEI) , the composition of selective layer, the content of additive, the thickness of support layer, the way of solution coating, the dryness temperature of selective layer and the dryness time on membrane performance and separation properties of O2/N2 gas mixture were investigated. Our experiment revealed that with the increasing of PEI concentration, the selectivity properties of the asymmetric composite membranes improve a lot but the permeation flux decrease quickly. With the increasing of PDMS concentration, the selectivity properties improved drastically. Increasing the amount of PEG 600 drastically improved the selectivity properties. Moreover, a drying process also affects the formation of a dense skin layer. The time and temperature of drying process also has an influence on the properties of membranes. The results showed the suitable condition for preparing multi-layers asymmetric composite membranes is: support layer PEI (20wt%)