汽车英语4.ppt

ENGINE CONSTRUCTION;New words:;Finish n. 成品，抛光，表面光洁度 Accommodate v. 接纳，容纳，调节 Portion n. 一部分，一份 Crankcase n. 曲轴 Encase vt. 装箱，把…装入箱内 Reservoir n. 贮油器，油箱，蓄油池 Sprocket n. 链轮，带齿卷盘 Leakage n. 漏，泄漏，耗散 Protrude v. 使伸出，使突出，耸出 Detachable adj. 可拆卸的，可分开的 Linkage n. 连接，联系，连杆机构 Circuit n. 回路，电路，循环;Battery n. 电池（组），蓄电池 Coil n. 线圈，绕组，盘管 Collapse v. 瓦解，消失，衰减 Surge n. 电涌，冲击电流，浪涌电流 Activate vt. 开动，使…活动 Carburetor n. 化油器，汽化器 ;Phrases and expressions;Engine Construction;The engine block forms the main framework, or foundation, of the water-cooled engine. The block is mainly cast from gray iron or iron alloyed with other metals such as nickel or chromium. However, some blocks have been made from aluminum. In any case, the block itself has many components cast into it or assembled onto it. 发动机壳形成水冷发动机的主壳体，或基座。壳体主要由灰铸铁或合金铸铁例如镍或铬。然而一些壳体是铝铸件。在任何情况下，壳体本身会铸入或安装许多部件。 Cast into the block, for example, are the cylinders. The cylinders are circular, tubelike openings in the block, which act as guides for the pistons as they move up and down. Engine blocks have four, six, or eight openings, or cylinders. In aluminum blocks, the cast-iron or steel cylinder sleeves (liners) are installed because these metals can withstand the wear caused by the ;moving pistons better than aluminum can. 铸造成壳体的，比如可以是汽缸体。汽缸体是圆形的，管状缸体，作为活塞上下运动的向导。发动机缸体有四缸、六缸或八缸，铝制缸体有安装铸铁或钢制气缸套，因为这些金属比铝制的更难耐活塞运动造成的磨损。 Also cast into the block are the water jackets. The water jackets are open spaces between the inner and outer surfaces of the block and cylinders through which the coolant flow. The coolant, in turn, removes heat from the metal surfaces around such areas as the cylinder walls and valve seats and carries the heat to the radiator where it releases into the air. Cast-iron blocks usually have a number of holes along the side and in the end leading into the water jackets. ;;; ;;;;;;;;exercises ;;;;