论我国民间“合会”和其法律规制——以福建“标会”为例.pdf

固有风险。 第二部分从习惯法的角度将合会作为研究对象，先在既有的文献资料的基础上梳理 出传统合会习惯的基本规则，对生长于以农业经济为主的“熟人社会”中的传统合会习 惯进行一种客观描述和展现；随后以福建地区的标会活动为例说明在不断变化的社会经 济结构背景以及其他要素的共同作用下合会活动对传统习惯的突破和改变，合会习惯的 改变使其对国家正式制度的调控需求日益强烈。 第三部分试图探究国家正式法制与合会习惯之间的良性互动机制。首先分析合会习 惯在我国正式法制中的现状，在所搜集的部分案例和其他素材的基础上总结我国近年来 的司法实践以及行政规制中对待合会习惯的处理和态度，并分析其中存在的问题及原 因。其次从论证合会作为一种良好的制度资源被纳入正式制度的优越条件和必要性，无 论是广泛而深厚的“关系资本”??是根深蒂固的习惯约束力都是宝贵的资源；随后梳理 了台湾地区对合会的规制历程及其经验教训，分析其中值得我们借鉴的部分；最后明确 合会与金融犯罪问题之间的界限和问题，并在《浙江省民间金融问题研究》课题报告的 基础上综合分析得出我国合会法律制度的可选路径。 3 Abstract Rotating Savings and Credit Association（abbreviated as ROSCA），as a spontaneous way of folk capital financing, relying on the concept of the family lineage and solidarity of Oriental societies, born with the traditional folk culture such as mutual assistance and cooperation. Unlike the impressions what the most researches on civil law or customary law brought to us in the past，ROSCA as a historic folk financial custom，it is active system practice of civil law in the economic developed areas；it is not only has the advantages such as flexibility and high efficiency so it become the more preferred means of financing by people， but also it is the important product of the “guanxi resources” in China’s traditional society，it satisfies the social needs and self-protect instinct of people to some extent。As the ROSCA turning from the mutual primitive evolution to profit or speculative behavior，the attitudes of national official system to this kind of civil order turning from neglect to focus。It has the relevant records on the official civil customs investigation report as early as the period of the Republic of China, but it still doesn’t been mentioned in the official legal system。But in the real life，the habit of ROSCA which is growing in the civil society with the law as the official system，the interaction between the two is never stop。