电磁场与电磁波第13讲磁化强度磁场强度和相对导磁率-wb浅析.ppt

Field and Wave Electromagnetics 电磁场与电磁波;1. Introduction;3. Vector Magnetic Potential;Main topic Steady Magnetic Fields;Example 6-6 cylindrical coordinate;EXAMPLE 6-7 Find the magnetic flux density at a distant point of a small circular loop of radius b that carries current I (a magnetic dipole).;o;o;Magnetic dipole:;Electric dipole:;模型;2. Magnetization and Equivalent Current Densities;;as where mk be the magnetic dipole moment of an atom，n is the number of atoms per unit volume and the numerator represents the vector sum of the magnetic dipole moments contained in a very small volume ?v. The vector M, is the volume density of magnetic dipole moment.;Integrating over the volume V’ of the dielectric, we obtain the vector magnetic potential due to the magnetized dielectric;Because;3. Magnetic Field Intensity and Relative Permeability;We now define a new fundamental field quantity, the magnetic field intensity H, such that;where the path C for the line integral is the contour bounding the surface S, and I is the total free current through S. The sense of tracing C and the direction of current flow follow the right-hand rule. This equation is a form of Ampere’s circuital law, which states that the circulation of the magnetic field density around any closed path is equal to the total free current flowing through the surface bounded by the path. Ampere’s circuital law is very useful in determining the magnetic flux density H caused by a current I when there is a closed path C around the current such that the magnitude of H is constant over the path.;Substitution ; Nevertheless, whether it is the diamagnetic or the paramagnetic material, magnetization is very weak. Hence, usually their relative permeability can be considered to be equal to 1. ;The relative permabilities of three kinds of magnetic materials; 铁、钴、镍及一些稀土元素存在独特的磁性现象称为铁磁性，这个名称的由来是因为铁是具有铁磁性物质中最常见也是最典型的。钐(Samarium)，钕(neodymium)与钴的合金常被用来制造强磁铁。 　　铁磁性材料存在长程序，即磁畴(自发磁化的小区域称为磁畴)内每个原子的未配对电子自旋倾向于平行排列。因此，