【最高考】高考英语法精讲精练 专题五 动词时态和语态常考点.docVIP

专题五　动词时态和语态常考点 在高考英语中，动词的时态和语态是重中之重，试题在考查固定句式中的时态和语态的同时，注重在上下文语境中考查时态和语态。要了解几种时态的一些常规规则，答题时要研读题干，搜索出尽可能多的“时间参照信息”，尤其要注意时态的呼应情况。 时态主动语态形式被动语态形式一般现在时am/is/are/do/doesam/is/are done一般过去时 was/were/didwas/were done现在完成时has/have donehas/have been done现在完成进行时has/have been doing/现在进行时am/is/are doingam/is/are being done过去进行时was/were doingwas/were being done过去完成时had donehad been done将来完成时will/shall have donewill /shall have been done一般将来时will /shall do am/is/are going to do am/is/are coming/leaving am/is/are to do am/is/are about to dowill /shall be done am/is/are to be done过去将来时would do was going to do was coming/leaving was to do was about to dowould be done was/were to be done将来进行时will /shall be doing/eq \a\vs4\al(1)　　一般现在时 一般现在时表示动作的经常性或真理；表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词；在条件、时间、让步状语从句中用一般现在时或现在完成时表示将来；表示预计或规定；方位副词或介词短语放在句首，主语是名词，且全部倒装时，用一般现在时表示正在发生的动作；还可使用于文学作品和文学评论中。 用所给词的适当形式填空： ①Ill go there after I ________(finish) my work. ②The water will be further polluted unless some measures ________(take)． ③My train ________(leave) at 6：30. ④A snow ________(expect) to come next week. ⑤On the wall ________(hang) a picture. ⑥This kind of cloth ________(wash) well. ⑦Dont take it away. It ________(belong) to me. ⑧He said water________(boil) at 100 ℃. 【答案】①finish　②are taken　③leaves　④is expected　⑤hangs　⑥washes　⑦belongs　⑧boils eq \a\vs4\al(2)　　一般过去时和现在完成时 一般??去时(标志词：yesterday，just now，last year，the other day等)表示动作发生在过去，和现在毫无关系。 现在完成时(标志词：since，in the past/last years，just，recent(ly)，lately，so far＝up to now＝up until now＝by now，already，yet，several/many/...times)则强调的是对现在的影响和结果，动作到现在刚完成或还在继续。 请区别下列几组句子： ①He has lived in London for three years.(现在还住在伦敦) He lived in London for three years.(现在不在伦敦了) ②Its two years since he smoked.(他不抽烟已两年了) Its two years since he began to smoke.(他抽烟已有两年了) ③This is the first/second/...time (that) I have_visited the school. This was the first/second/...time I had_visited the school. ④ He was writing a book last year