Rhetoric1明喻暗喻拟人课题.pptVIP

英汉修辞对比;修辞学一般有广义狭义之分，或消极修辞与积极修辞之分。 广义(消极修辞)：既包括修辞格，又包括选择修饰语言、使语言适合语境需要，以便更好地实现交际目的的语言艺术，属于消极修辞的范畴，目的是要达到简明，连贯，得体，规范，明确。 狭义（积极修辞）：只包括各种修辞格 (figure of speech)的运用，并通过这种运用修辞格的手法使语言发生变异，以实现较为强烈的交际效果。要求达到形象生动。 概言之，修辞学就是选择、修饰语言以保证或提高交际效果或语言运用效果的艺术。;语法与修辞的关系;语法、修辞与语言学习的关系;如何培养;因为缺钱，而且想做点有意义的事，我申请了那份工作，但我没有学历，没有教书经验，恐怕得到这份工作希望渺茫。 Being very short of money and wanting to do something useful, I applied, fearing as I did so, that without a degree and with no experience of teaching my chances of landing the job were slim.;英汉语四种类型的修辞格: 意象上的修辞手法: simile, metaphor, personification, metonymy, synecdoche, antonomasia 词汇意义型的修辞格：hyperbole, euphemism, irony, pun, oxymoron 句法结构型的修辞格: parallelism, rhetorical questions, inversion 语音型的修辞格: alliteration, onomatopoeia;Simile Metaphor personification;意象上的修辞手法;比喻中的三种成分;英汉基本相同：把所要描写的事物与另一具有鲜明特性的事物通过比喻词连接起来，从而更形象更生动地说明事物的特征。 英语常用的比喻词除了like, as 以外，还有seem, as if, as though, such as 等 例如： Last night Bob slept like a log. My heart is like a singing bird. 心如正在歌唱的小鸟 I wandered lonely as a cloud. （The Daffodils ） 我像一朵浮云独自飘荡/漫游。;There be none of Beautys daughters With a magic like thee; And like music on the waters Is thy sweet voice to me:  For Music Byron 没有一个美丽的女儿， 像你那样富有魅力； 对于我， 你甜蜜的声音 犹如水上漂浮的音乐;There be none of Beauty’s daughters With a magic like thee； And like music on the waters Is thy sweet voice to me： When, as if its sound were causing The charmed ocean’s pausing, The waves lie still and gleaming, And the lull’d winds seem dreaming： And the midnight moon is weaving Her bright chain o’er the deep, Whose breast is gently heaving As an infant’s asleep： So the spirit bows before thee To listen and adore thee； With a full but soft emotion, Like the swell of Summer’s ocean．;Piano Playing the piano is likeA bird soaring in theSky.When you play the keys