计算机专业英语_unit01计算机基础知识讲述.pptVIP

计算机专业英语 Computer English;;教学目标 教学内容 ;教学目标;教学内容;Text 1 The History of Computer’s development;History;The Analytical Engine Early Computers Electronic Computers Integrated Circuits Late in the 1960s the integrated circuit, or IC, was introduced, making it possible for many transistors to be fabricated on one silicon substrate, with interconnecting wires plated in place. The IC resulted in a further reduction in price, size, and failure rate. The microprocessor became a reality in the mid-1970s with the introduction of the large-scale integrated (LSI) circuit and, later, the very large-scale integrated (VLSI) circuit (microchip), with many thousands of interconnected transistors etched into a single silicon substrate.;Generations of Electronic Computer;The first generation of computer was characterized by the main feature of the ENIAC-vacuum tubes. Through 1950s, several other computers were built, each contributing significant advancements, such as binary arithmetic, random access, and the concept of stored programs. These computer concepts are common in today’s computers.;The second generation of computer (1959~1964); The expense item should be emphasized. During the first, second, and part of the third generations, the cost of a computer represented a significant portion of a company’s budget. Computers were expensive. Significant innovations have resulted in enormous increases in computer performance and obvious reductions in price. This trend, established with the introduction of second-generation computers, continues today.;The Third Generation of Computer (1964~1971);The compatibility problems of second-generation computers were almost eliminated in third-generation computers. In other ways, third-generation computers work so quickly that they provide the capacity to run more than one program concurrently. For example, at any given time the computer might be printing payroll checks, accepting orders, and testing programs.;The Fourth Generation of Computer