被动语态探析.ppt

被动语态;1.Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.;语态：表示主语和谓语动词之间的关系。 英语有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。 ;Such books are written for children. 这些书是为儿童写的。 I haven’t been told about it . 没有人告诉我这件事;被动语态的结构;by many students.;;1. 找宾语 ----即动作的承受者;They play football on Sunday. Lucy does the homework in the evening. They often use computers in class. We make these machines in Beijing. ;1. They bought ten computers last term． ;They built the tall building last year. He took good care of his little brother yesterday. We cleaned our classroom just now. They used this room for resting. ;3.一般将来时的被动语态结构：;We will have a sports meeting next week. Children will take some photos in the schoolyard tomorrow. The headmaster will give a talk this afternoon. ;4.含有情态动词的被动语态结构：;1.He can take care of the baby. 2.Lucy may draw the pictures. 3.You must turn off the lights. 4.They should learn English well. ;5.现在进行时的被动语态的结构;6.现在完成时的被动语态的结构;表格：被动态基本结构;如：1.He gave me a book. －I was given a book by him. （以I做主语） －A book was given to me by Tom. （以物book作主语） 2.He teaches us English. －We are taught English by him. （以人当主语） －English is taught to us by him. （以物作主语）;keep, make 三类的动词常常有宾语补足 语，在被动语态中，宾语补足语位置不变。 We keep food fresh in the fridge. 主 谓 宾 宾补 －Food is kept fresh in the fridge. I saw him go into the office building. －He was seen to go into the office building. ; 不及物动词没有宾语，因此没有被动语态。但有的不及物动词后面加上介词及其他一些词类构成短语动词之后，其作用相当于及物动词，可以接宾语，因而也可以变为被动语态。在变成被动语态时，不能去掉构成短语动词的介词或副词.;下列这些短语本身即是被动语态的形式，不需再加－by be covered with …用…覆盖着 be interested in …对…感兴趣 be surprised at …对…感到惊奇 be made of （from）用…制造的;即feel , hear , listen , have , make , let , look , watch , see , notice ，这些词在主动句中，其后的动词不定式不加to，但变被动句时必须加to. ;（1）当主动结构中的宾语是反身代词和相互代词 时，不能改为被动语态。 We often help each other. 我们常常互相帮助。 （2）当谓语是表状态的及物动词时（如have , like , take place , belong to …） 如： I like these flowers. 我喜欢这些花。 I will have a meeting. 不说A meeting wil