磁性桉叶活性炭去除水中重金属离子的精编.docVIP

PAGE  摘 要 重金属污染是一个亟需解决的环境问题。吸附法是常用的方法之一，然而，传统的吸附剂在废水处理应用中存在固液分离难的问题，磁分离技术作为一种新兴分离方式能解决这一问题。广西大面积种植的桉树每年产生大量桉叶废弃物，本课题将其作为原料，制备成磁性活性炭，将其用于去除水中铅Pb(II)、Cu(II)离子，考察影响重金属离子去除效果的主要因素，并考察了各因素对其磁分离效果的影响，初步探讨其在电镀废水处理方面的应用潜力。 主要结论如下： （1）X射线衍射（XRD）分析发现，磁性活性炭中的铁氧化物主要是Fe3O4，此外还存在一部分无定型铁氧化物及少量的γ-Fe2O3。傅里叶红外光谱（FTIR）分析发现，磁性活性炭表面包含C=C、N-H等官能团。 （2）溶液初始pH、温度、接触时间、吸附剂投加量、共存离子和初始金属离子浓度均对Pb(II)和Cu(II)的去除有影响。在pH为2~6的范围内，Pb(II)和Cu(II)的去除率随pH的升高而增大；随着温度的升高Cu(II)的去除率越来越大，而Pb(II)呈现先增大后减小的趋势，说明2者在吸附过程中均存在化学吸附。 （3）在不同温度下，Pb(II)在磁性活性炭上的吸附均能用Freundlich和Langmuir模型描述。Pb(II)和Cu(II)的去除过程均与伪二级动力学模型相符。 （4）沉降时间、溶液初始pH、磁性吸附剂投加量、距离磁铁距离对磁分离效果有影响。其中，离磁铁距离影响最大。 （5）磁性活性炭均能良好地去除镀镍以及高浓度的镀铬废水，当投加量为40 g/L时，Ni(II)与Cr(VI)的去除率均超过95%，其他共存离子去除率均达到100%。 综上所述，桉叶废弃物来源广泛、价格低廉，可用于制备高效的磁性重金属吸附剂。 关键词：重金属废水 桉叶废弃物 磁性活性炭 磁分离 PAGE 54 SORPTION OF HEAVY METAL IONS FROM AQUEOUS BY MAGNETIC ACTIVATED CARBON PRODECED FROM EUCALYPTUS LEAF RESIDUE ABSTRACT Heavy metal contamination has been attracting more and more attention of people recently. However, traditional adsorbents applied are limited by difficulties in separation process. Magnetic separation technology, emerging as a new approach, can easily separate magnetic sorbents from solution. Eucalyptus trees have widely planted in Guangxi and massive leaf wastes are produced every year. In this paper, magnetic activated carbon was made from eucalyptus leaves to remove the Pb (II) and Cu (II) ions in the water. Effects of operating conditions, adsorption equilibrium and kinetic experimental data of the heavy metal adsorption are investigated. Various factors affecting its magnetic separation are also studied. And potential of magnetic activated carbon applied for electroplating wastewater treatment was preliminarily explored. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) X-ray diffraction (XRD) illustrates that the iron oxide is mainly Fe3O4, amorphous iron oxides and a small amount of γ-Fe2O3. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis proves that