信息检索与阅读：Unit Operations and Flowsheets.pptVIP

Unit Operations and Flowsheets ;New words and expressions： unit operation 单元操作 reactor 反应器 heat exchanger 热交换器 pump 泵 mixer 混合器 separator 分离器 dryer 干燥器 filter 过滤器 absorber 吸收器 adsorber 吸附器 centrifuge 离心分离器;Every chemical process is a collection of units interconnected by streams. This is the concept of unit operations, the first, and most venerable, 单元操作 古老的 paradigm adopted by the fledgling discipline of 范式，范例 新兴学科 chemical engineering near the beginning of the twentieth century. ;The five most common units are reactors, heat exchangers, pumps, mixers, and separators. The design 热交换器 泵 混合器 分离器 and operation of these five units, which exist in hundreds of incarnations, are the focus of the traditional chemical engineering curriculum. Furthermore, most chemical engineering curricula have a senior-level laboratory course entitled unit operations. ;As we saw in the ammonia process, the reactor is 氨 usually the key unit. The reactor will often dictate whether a chemical process is possible. Separators are secondary only to the reactor in most processes; the performance of the separator(s) will often determine if a process is profitable. ;Examples of separators include dryers, filters, absorbers, 干燥器 过滤器 吸收器 adsorbers, and centrifuges. The method used to separate 吸附器 离心分离机 (离心机) a mixture – distillation, condensation, or filtering - is 蒸馏 浓缩 过滤 流程图 usually indicated by a specific symbol on the flowsheet. We will introduce these specific units later, as needed. ;As we saw in the ammonia process, the reactor is usually the key unit. The reactor will often dictate whether a chemical p