黄芩果实形态及其解剖结构特征的研究.docxVIP

黄芩果实形态及其解剖结构特征的研究王扬，陈亮，宋芸，乔永刚*（山西农业大学 生命科学学院，山西 太谷 030801）摘要：用体视显微镜观察黄芩果实的形态，并且用常规的石蜡切片法对其果实的横切结构特征进行观察。结果表明：黄芩的果实呈卵圆形，种皮呈黑褐色，表面具瘤状突起，突起表面有不规则的网状纹理的次级突起。果实的横切面解剖结构特征为：组成黄芩果皮的不规则细胞的胞腔内具有棕褐色的色素团块，其下有一层色素层；靠近色素层的为种皮，内种皮紧贴于子叶细胞；色素层与种皮之间有一个巨大的维管束，包括木质部、韧皮部和形成层；子叶细胞由许多薄壁细胞组成，含有大量的糊粉粒。利用石蜡切片技术观察黄芩果实的解剖结构，为黄芩果实的鉴定与筛选提供鉴别依据。关键词：黄芩；果实；形态：解剖结构Morphological features and characteristics of anatomical structure of Scutellaria baicalensis?Georgi fruitWang Yang，Chen Liang，SongYun，Qiao Yonggang(College of Life Science,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu Shanxi 030801,China)Abstract: The morphology of Scutellaria baicalensis?Georgi fruit was observed with a stereomicroscope. And the transection anatomical structure of fruits were observed by convensional paraffin section. The results showed that: the fruits of Scutellaria baicalensis?Georgi are ovoid, dark brown seed coat, surface with strumae, the strumae surface have secondary process with irregular /dict_result.aspx?searchword=%e7%bd%91%e7%8a%b6%e7%ba%b9%e7%90%86tjType=sentencestyle=t=netlike+texturenetlike texture.Characteristics of transection anatomical structure of the fruit: the peel of Scutellaria baicalensis?Georgi is composed of irregular cells and have a cell cavity with brown pigment clumps, under the peel is pigment layer,the seed coatisnear the pigment layer, seed coat is closed to the cotyledon cells; between the pigment layer and the seed coat is a graet of vascular bundle, including xylem，phloem and cambiu, cotyledon cells are consisted of a number of parenchyma cells and have a lot of aleurone grains. These morphological and anatomical structure is an important morphological basis for the identification of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi.Key words: Scutellaria baicalensis?Georgi; fruit ; morphology; anatomical structure黄芩（Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi），隶属于唇形科（Lamiaceae）黄芩属（Scutellaria Linn.），别名山茶根、土金茶根，是多年生草本植物。产于黑龙江，内蒙古，河北，山西等地[1]。根茎肉质肥厚，高约20-120cm，茎具有细条纹，披柔毛。全缘叶顶部钝而基部呈圆形。黄芩具有较高药用价值，对治疗人体急性肠胃炎，呼吸道感染等有显著功效，日常食用该中