分词作状语与独立主格结构(精华主讲)技巧.ppt

独立主格结构的形式主要有： 1）名词/主格代词+现在分词 名词/主格代词与现在分词之间是主谓关系。如： The girl staring at him(= As the girl stared at him), he didnt know what to say. 姑娘两眼望着他，他不知道说什么好。 Time permitting(= If time permits), we will go for an outing tomorrow. 如果时间允许的话，我们明天去郊游。 2）名词/主格代词+过去分词 名词/主格代词与过去分词之间是动宾关系。如： The problems solved(= As the problems were solved), the quality has been improved. 随着问题的解决，质量已经提高了。 Her glasses broken(= Because her glasses were broken), she couldnt see the words on the blackboard. 由于眼镜摔坏了，她看不见黑板上的字。 3）名词/主格代词+不定式 名词/主格代词与不定式之间是主谓关系，且强调的是一次具体性的动作。如： 　He is going to make a model plane, some old parts to help. 借助于一些旧零件，他要做一个飞机模型。 They said good-bye to each other, one to go home, the other to go to the bookstore. 他们道别后，一个回了家，一个去了书店。 4）名词/主格代词+形容词 如： An air accident happened to the plane,nobody alive.那架飞机遭遇了空难，无一人生还。 So many people absent, the meeting had to be called off. 这么多人缺席，会议不得不取消。 5）名词/主格代词+副词 如： He put on his sweater ,wrong side out. 他把毛衣穿反了。 The meeting over, they all went home. 会议一结束，他们就都回家了。 6）名词/主格代词+介词短语 如： The boy goes to the classroom,book in hand.那男孩手里拿着书去教室。 Mary was sitting near the fire, her back towards the door. 玛丽靠近火炉坐着，背对着门。 7）其他形式的独立主格 There being +名词（代词）如： There being nothing else to do, we went home. 没有别的事可做，我们就回家了。 There being no further business, I declare the meeting closed. 没有再要讨论的事了，我宣布散会。 It being +名词（代词）如： It being Christmas, the government offices were closed. 由于圣诞节的缘故，政府机关都休息。 It being a holiday, all the shops were shut. 由于今天是假日，所有商店都关门了。 四、with作复合结构 With作伴随状语,或说明造成某一局面的原因.至于是用现在分词,还是过去分词得看与主句主句的关系是被动或主动. Eg: with time passing by, He almost forgot everything in the past. 随着时间的流逝，他几乎忘记了过去所有的事情。 He sat on the chair ，with his eyes closed. 他坐在椅子上,眼睛闭着. with 的复合结构可以分以下几种: 1）with + 名词 + 形容词.表处于一种状态. He often sleeps, with windows open. 他经常开着窗户睡觉. 2）with +名词 + 副词. There is a temple, with no table in. 3）with +名词 + 介词短语. The teacher came into the classroo