专业四级模拟题.docVIP

It的使用e.g. It is quite important for us to form a good studying habit. I think it important to finish the task in time. it用来充当形式主语，后置的真正主语往往可以取代先行it的位置，出现在句首。 E.g. To form a good studying habit is quite important for us 并非所有先行it结构都可转化，下边句子只能作如下转化。 e.g. It seems that John is not coming after all. John doesn’t seem to be coming after all. Cleft it: Task 1. 句子的基本结构 2 .分裂句的本质 3 . 分裂句的结构 4 .假拟分裂句 句子结构 主语+谓语 已知信息 新信息 末端中心 末端重心 E.g. I told him the news yesterday. 分裂句的本质 E.g. I told him the news yesterday. E.g. It is I that told him the news yesterday 分裂it 分裂句是以it为引导词的强调句型。它的结构形式是：It +be 的一定形式+中心成分＋that /who分句。通过这种结构可以强调除谓语动词以外的大多数句子成分。说话人通过分裂句分别强调主语、间接宾语、直接宾语、状语，使之成为信息中心。分裂句中的谓语可以采取复杂形式 E.g. It is I who am to blame. It may have been at Christmas that John gave Mary a handbag. It was in Shanghai that I got my Master’s Degree. 主语补语通常不作分裂句的中心成分。宾语补语可以这样用。 It is beautiful that she is. It is Chairman of the committee that they elected him 集体名词作主语主谓一致通常作复数的集体名词集体名词，如：police, people, cattle, militia, poultry等，通常作复数，用复数动词。如：Domestic cattle provide us with milk, beef and hides.2)通常作不可数名词的集体名词有些集体名词，如foliage, machinery, equipment, furniture, merchandise,通常作不可数名词，随后的动词用单数。例如：All the machinery in the factory is made in China.3)既可作单数也可作复数的集体名词集体名词，如audience, committee, class, crew, family, public, government等，既可作单数，也可作复数用。The city council is meeting to set its agenda.4) a committee, etc. of +复数名词如果主语是由“a committee of /a panel of /a board of +复数名词”构成，随后的动词通常用单数。例如：A committee of five men and three women is to consider the matter.近义词辨析tired, exhausted, fatigued, weary, worn out这组词均含有“疲惫的”的意思。tired可指因体力或脑力消耗太多而需要休息，还可指因长期做某事而失去兴趣。Henry was so tired that he went to bed immediately after he got home.亨利很疲惫，一到家就上床睡觉去了。exhausted表达的疲惫程度最强，指因劳累过度而精疲力竭。The exhausted engineer fell asleep on the bus.精疲力竭的工程师在公共汽车上睡着了。fatigued所表达的疲劳程度比tired和weary强，表示由于过度劳累而引起疲乏，不能再继续下去。He