曼昆《经济学原理》6供给与需求：政府管制摘要.ppt

6 Supply, Demand, and Government Policies Supply, Demand, and Government Policies In a free, unregulated market system, market forces establish equilibrium prices and exchange quantities. 在自由的、不存在规制的市场中，市场力量建立均衡价格和数量。 While equilibrium conditions may be efficient, it may be true that not everyone is satisfied. 均衡可能是有效率的，但并不是每个人对这种自由市场调整的结果都感到满意。 One of the roles of economists is to use their theories to assist in the development of policies. 经济学家的一个职责就是运用理论帮助政府制定政策。 CONTROLS ON PRICES 价格控制 Are usually enacted when policymakers believe the market price is unfair to buyers or sellers. Result