英语时态的特殊用法.ppt

英语时态的特殊用法 一、一般现在时 ????? 主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语。 He usually gets up at 7 o’clock every morning. The earth goes around the sun. Hainan is situated in the south of China. 特殊用法一：在时间、条件和让步状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常用的引导词有： 时间：when, before, until (till), after, as soon as, once, the moment/the minute, the day; 条件：if, unless, even if, provided; 让步：no matter what/who/which/when/where/how或whatever/whoever/whichever/whenever/wherever/however ---Do you have any problems if you are offered this job? ---Well, I’m thinking about the salary…? No matter what you say, I’ll never believe you. 特殊用法二： 表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。如： I learned that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 特殊用法三：有些表示位置移动的动词如 come, go, leave, arrive, begin, start, take off, set off等其一般现在时可表示按计划、安排将来要发生的动作或状态。 My train leaves at 11 o’clock in the morning, so there is still half an hour to go. 特殊用法四：在make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter ＋宾语从句， 从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 Can you see to it that the letter goes this afternoon? 特殊用法五：在the more… the more … (越……越……) 句型中, 若主句是一般将来时, 从句通常用一般现在时。 The harder you work, the better results you will get. 二、现在进行时 表示说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动： We are having English class. The house is being built these days. 特殊用法一：现在进行时与频率副词always，constantly，continually，again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞扬、厌烦、责备、埋怨等），以加强语气。 He is constantly making the same mistake. （责备） The students in class one are always working hard. （赞扬） 特殊用法二：在时间状语或条件状语从句中表示将来正在进行的动作。 Don’t ring me up when I am working in my lab this time tomorrow. 特殊用法三：表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作（这时多有表示将来的时间状语）。常用动词有：come, go, leave, arrive, begin, start, ?take off, set off等。 What are you going to do next weekend? Ladies and gentlemen, the flight is taking off. Please be seated and fasten your safety belt. 三、现在完成时 表示动作发生在过去，完成在过去，但强调与现在情况仍有联系，其结果或影响仍存在。现在完成时有一些标志性的时间状语： 特殊用法一：常见的不确定的时间状语： recently, lately ;just, already, yet, up to now; till now; so far, these days, Has the rain stopped yet? S