Lesson003材料的选择对制程的影响研讨.pptVIP

Lesson 3.材料的选择对制程的影响 塑胶材料的种类 塑浇在模具内的流动模式 流动性质的影响 温度性质的影响 塑胶材料的种类 非结晶性 Amorphous 在成型过程中分子链的结构不变 半结晶性 Semi-crystalline 冷却时分子链结构会压缩，加热后变成非结晶性 塑胶的流动模式 塑胶的黏度 黏度模型Viscosity Models Newtonian Power Law Cross WLF 塑胶的黏度 定义: 流动时的抵抗力 黏度会随着剪切率或是温度的提高而降低 熔融指数 在等温及等剪切率下进行 不同的塑胶材料会采用不同的试验条件 压力与黏度的关系 黏度会随着压力升高而增大 黏度与温度及剪接率也有关 黏度与薄壳（Thin-Wall）产品的应用息息相关 还有… 材料对射出压力及锁模力的影响 不同的材料需要不同的射出压力 不同的材料在黏度上的差异极大 塑胶的温度特性 Cp - specific heat capacity 吸热的能力 k - thermal conductivity 传热的能力 材料对冷却时间的影响 冷却时间与热传导系数、密度及比热有关 这些性质总和就是材料的热扩散系数 “thermal diffusivity” 还有… PVT特性 p – 压力; v – 比容; T – 温度 描述塑胶如何随着压力及温度的变化而发生体积上的变化 在充填及保压的阶段，塑胶随着压力的增加而膨胀 在冷却的阶段，塑胶随着温度的降低而收缩 凝固层 Frozen Layer 熔融塑胶 模具 Mold Wall Mold Wall 喷泉流区域Fountain Flow Region ? ? ? ? . Material Viscosity Water 10-1 10 Polymer 10,000 Glass 1020 Increasing temperature Shear Rate (1/s) Viscosity (Pa-s) Low resistance to flow High resistance to flow Higher Pressure Low MFR Material High MFR Material Lower Pressure W W PMMA Hi Viscosity PP Low Viscosity Fill Time (sec) Inj. Pressure and Clamp Force PP Low MFR Density (p) Specific Heat (Cp) Thermal Conductivity (k) Cooling Time Change Pressure Increases Temperature Specific Volume 14 Material and Injection Pressure The type of material used can have a tremendous affect on the required injection pressure. Some materials flow quite easily while others are very hard to process. This graph shows the required injection pressure to mold a specific part. The two curves represent two different materials and the required pressure to mold the same geometry. The PP requires less pressure than the PMMA material and has a larger window for appropriate fill times. 8 Polymer Viscosity Polymer viscosity is the driving factor for polymer flow simulation. Definition Viscosity is the polymer’s resistance to flow. It is the ratio of the shear stress to the shear rate. It has the units of Pa.s (pascal.seconds) or p