hubbardmodel哈佛大学讲义.ppt

Doped Hubbard model Attraction between holes in the Hubbard model Loss of superexchange energy from 8 bonds Loss of superexchange energy from 7 bonds Pairing of holes in the Hubbard model Non-local pairing of holes Leading istability: d-wave Scalapino et al, PRB (1986) k’ k -k’ -k spin fluctuation Pairing of holes in the Hubbard model Q BCS equation for pairing amplitude k’ k -k’ -k spin fluctuation Systems close to AF instability: c(Q) is large and positive Dk should change sign for k’=k+Q + + - - dx2-y2 Stripe phases in the Hubbard model Stripes: Antiferromagnetic domains separated by hole rich regions Antiphase AF domains stabilized by stripe fluctuations First evidence: Hartree-Fock calculations. Schulz, Zaannen (1989) Stripe phases in ladders DMRG study of t-J model on ladders Scalapino, White, PRL 2003 t-J model Possible Phase Diagram doping T AF D-SC SDW pseudogap n=1 After several decades we do not yet know the phase diagram AF – antiferromagnetic SDW- Spin Density Wave (Incommens. Spin Order, Stripes) D-SC – d-wave paired Antiferromagnetic and superconducting Tc of the order of 100 K Atoms in optical lattice Antiferromagnetism and pairing at sub-micro Kelvin temperatures Fermionic Hubbard model From high temperature superconductors to ultracold atoms t U t Fermionic atoms in optical lattices Noninteracting fermions in optical lattice, Kohl et al., PRL 2005 Signatures of incompressible Mott state of fermions in optical lattice Suppression of double occupancies R. Joerdens et al., Nature (2008) Compressibility measurements U. Schneider et al., Science (2008) Fermions in optical lattice. Next challenge: antiferromagnetic state TN U Mott current experiments Nonequilibrium dynamics of the Hubbard model.Decay of repulsively bound pairs Relaxation of repulsively bound pairs in the Fermionic Hubbard model U t For a repulsive bound pair to decay, energy U needs to be absorbed by other degrees of freedom in the system Relaxation timescale is