血透医疗人员经血传播性疾病感染与控制对策的研究.pdfVIP

著的关系。 第三部分 与普内科医务人员职业暴露和职业防护的 比较研究。选择血透医务人员器一琵疗孰构的普悫翳工谗 人员，以接触感染嫡人人数、血液暴露程度、皮肤损伤和 手套破损程度为职业暴露霉素，以穿戴手套，穿戴隔离衣、 洗手、卫生习惯、免疫保护和熙务工作者教育等作为职业 保护措施避嚣比较。结暴显示：血透医务人员接触经血传 播的HBV、HCV感染者多于普内科医务人员，而接触其他 非经血传播的结核等感染者的机会少于普内科隧务人员， 说明血透医务人员的职业危险主要来自于经血传播性疾 病。研究同时显示血透鼹务人员虽然其受羞《血液暴露程度 远高于普走辩，但其皮肤黏琪蛊接接触到血溲的程度则较 低，提示手套等防护措施的有效性，研究还表明血透医务 人员穿戴手套、隔离表、免疫保护和莲务工诈者教育等保 护措施较普内科强。 第鹦部分 转护措施减岁数监暴露嚣研究选择皮肤黏 腻接触病人血液、手套破损及皮肤黏膜被医疗器械损伤作 为蕊监暴露褪器，以单陵素争多霞素鼹分辑方法分剐评侩 屏障、隘务工作者教育、事先知悉病人感染状况、综合干 预措毯《医院重视，氯章裁鏖，蕊姆病人分室撩谗等)等 措施的作用。结果渡示：穿戴手套能显著减少皮肤接触血 液次数，且并不蹭加皮肤戆损伤；燕务工作者教育和事先 知悉病人感染状况均能减少工作人员的职业暴露程度。调 查还表镳1985年土海市卫生局颁布的有关措施最不蘸胰总 体上充分满足医务人员虫身防护的辩要，但数据显示其中 落院重槐和遵守有关的撬章铽度与畿少职监暴露程度有 关。调查未显示穿戴隔离衣与减少医务人员暴露有关。／” 关键词 血透工作人员。经血传播性疾病?感染HBV： 职业基露 职业防护、 Study on i nfect i on and prevent i on of b I cod_“bo rne diSeSSe ln hemodi曩lysis staffs Abstract： ln order to know the occupational accqui red in凫ction of biood—borne disease，to study the OCC娃pational risks in hemodialvsis centers、and to find effeCtiVe protect n3easnres，Hemodialysis staffs in 59 Shanghai hospitals were seiected as research population。The study demonstrated the COI’relation of exposure，in％ction and occupational protect． The results conld be provided a scientifiC referenCe to draw a occupational—protect regulation，’rhe following four parts are included in this study in detail。 Part 1 Basel in8 survey i rl 59 hemodi8iySi s center8 in Shanghai ragi011。 In 1998、the authors organized aft investigation 011 the infection status of patients and staffs，the hemodialvsis eFtvirobment，the immune status of staffs and the measures of disinfection isotoation．Results showed that incidence of}{BV was l 2．32％in staffs and 7。5％i辩patients。 1t declared that there have seriOUS hospital i摊feCt；On ex!sted j11 hemodialYsis centers and the infection with HBV was also the primary btood—borne disease in hemodialysis staffs，Results also showed that the immunization rate of hemodialysis staff was lower and the measures disinfectlon isoloation need perfect and reinforce． P精rt 2 Case—oontro