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不同水分和氮素形态对小麦花后物质积累及产量构成因素的影响 河南科技大学毕业论文 PAGE 32 PAGE I 不同水分及氮素形态对小麦花后干物质积累及产量构成因素的影响 摘 要 本实验以郑麦9023、郑麦004为供试材料，通过不同的水分处理（W1：拔节期灌水1 次；W2：拔节期和孕穗期各灌水1 次；W3：拔节期、孕穗期和灌浆期各灌水1 次。每次灌水定额(750m3?hm-2)和不同的氮素形态[N1：酰胺态氮(NH2CONH2)，N2：硝态氮(NaNO3)，N3：铵态氮(NH4HCO3)]研究对小麦干物质积累，总淀粉、直链淀粉、支链淀粉、直链淀粉／支链淀粉、产量、产量构成因素等的方面的表现。结果表明对于郑麦9023花后总淀粉、直链淀粉、直链淀粉／支链淀粉、有效穗数、穗粒数、千粒重、产量等积累的表现均为W3W2W1，施用铵态氮促进总淀粉、直链淀粉、直链淀粉／支链淀粉的积累、产量的增加，一水处理，施用硝态氮促进支链淀粉的积累，综合考虑有效穗数、穗粒数、千粒重、产量W3N3为最优处理。对于郑麦004花后总淀粉、直链淀粉、直链淀粉／支链淀粉的积累W2处理为最好，综合考虑有效穗数、穗粒数、千粒重、产量等W3N1为最优处理 关键词：小麦，水分，氮素形态，淀粉，产量，产量构成因素 Effects of Different Water and Nitrogen Forms on Wheat Dry Matter Accumulation and Yield Component after Blooming of Wheat ABSTRACT In order to investigate the effects of nitrogen forms and irrigation treatments on the wheat dry matter accumulation, amylose,amylpectin,total starch,the ration of amylose to amylopectin,grain yield and yield component factor after blooming of wheat,field experiments were carried out with two wheat cultivars zhengmai 9023 and zhengmai 004.The experiments were designed with three different irrigation treatments, including W1(irrigated at jiontting stage), W2(irrigated at jointing and booting stage) and W3(irrigated at jointing, booting and filling stage) and under there nitrogen forms treatments, N1: amide nitrogen,N2: nitrate nitrogen,N3: ammonium nitrogen. The results of zhengmai 9023 showed that the amylose,total starch, the ration of amylose to amylopectin,number of productive ear, thousand seed weight ,grain number per spike, grain yield and yield component after blooming of wheat decreased by the order of W3 W2 W1. The improving effects of applied ammonium nitrogen on amylose,starch ,the ration of amylose to amylopectin and grain yield were effective,W1 treatment and applied nitrate nitrogen increased the accumulate of amylpectin, comprehensive consideration with number of productive ear,thousand seed weight,grain number per spike W3N3 was the best. The results of zhengmai 004 showed that W2 wa