沈农大水利英语_forth=lesson1_SPECIALTY_ENGLISH-解读.ppt

SPECIALTY ENGLISHON WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING 水汽 water vapor; 水库 reservoir 大气降水 the precipitation from the atmosphere 地表面 ground surface; 在…范围内变化 range from…to… 需水（情况）water need; 自河道取水的供水系统：the water supply systems that obtain their water from rivers 河口 river mouth 干冰 dry ice 斜坡地 sloping farmland 汇水面积 watershed area * * Li Bo College of Water Conservancy Shenyang Agricultural University lesson 1 The Hydrologic Cycle 1.1 Schematic of the hydrologic cycle 水文循环示意图 1.2 technical terms Hydrologic cycle The circulation of water from the sea, through the atmosphere, to the land, and thence, often with many delays, back to the sea or ocean through various stages and process as precipitation, interception, runoff, infiltration, percolation, ground-water storage, evaporation and transpiration, also the many short circuits of the water that is returned to the atmosphere without reaching the sea. 水文循环 海洋的水，由大气携带到陆地，然后经过各阶段与过程，如降水、截留、径流、入渗、渗漏、地下水储存、蒸发和散发，从陆地返回海洋(中间经常存在许多迟滞现象)的循环，也包括水从陆地返回大气而不到达海洋去的各种小循环。 1.2 technical terms Hydrologic equation The water inventory equation (inflow = outflow + storage) which expresses the basic principle that during a given time internal the total inflow to an area must equal the total outflow plus the net change in storage. 水文方程或水量平衡方程 水量平衡方程（入流=出流+蓄水）表达了一基本原理，即在给定时段内，流入一区域的总流入量必然等于总出流量加上蓄水量的净变量。 Inventory:存货；库存 Available inventory 可用的库存 The total measurable supply of water of all forms of falling moisture, including dew, rain, mist, snow, hail and sleet. 所能观测到的包括露、降雨、霜、雪、冰雹和霰等所有形式的降水的总量。 Precipitation 降水 1.2 technical terms 日、月、年降水量 daily, monthly, yearly precipitation 水面降水量 channel precipation 年平均降水量 mean annual precipitation 加权平均的月降水量 weighted mean monthly precipitation 1.A fall of rain -precipitation in the form of liquid water. 降雨-以液态形式的降水。 2. The amount of rain -usually expressed in millimetres (inches) depth of water on an area, that reaches the surface of the earth. 降雨量-通常用到达地面的水深来度量，单位为mm（或英寸） rainfall 降雨，降雨量 1