第四单元5篇品德与礼仪.docVIP

第四单元 品德与礼仪 本单元内容：1、自谦， 1篇； 2、敬老, 3篇； 3、送礼，1篇 I. 自谦 To compliment is to praise a person’s virtues, ability, skills, behavior, appearance, clothing, personality and belongings. However, the Chinese compliments each other much less frequently because they are cautious about drawing a line between compliment and flattery --- an act which is considered very low and mean among the Chinese people. So Chinese people, in the response to compliments, tend to refuse it and depreciate themselves although they do feel comfortable about the compliments. This does not mean that they don’t want compliments or they intend to be modest with the sacrifice of friendship in so doing, but a special acceptance of compliments deeply rooted in the traditional philosophy which regards modesty as one of the most valuable virtues. 译文 赞语用于夸奖一个人的美德、能力、技巧、行为、外表、服饰、品格或物品等。但是，因为中国人区分夸赞和奉承时十分谨慎，因此彼此之间相互夸赞的频率要少得多，毕竟，中国人把奉承看成是一种低俗卑鄙的行为。因此，在对赞语回应时，尽管他们对赞语也感觉不错，但总是拒绝或进行自贬。这并不是说中国人不需要夸赞，也不是说他们自贬是为了谦卑牺牲友情，而是一种接受夸赞的特殊表达方式，这种表达方式在其将谦卑看作最大美德的传统哲学中根深蒂固。 II. 敬老 Passage 1 Attending a Chinese family dinner party, the guest is most respected if his seat is put next to the chair of the eldest member of the highest generation in the family, which means that the guest is just as respected as the senior in the family. If the guest is a new comer, then he should be prepared for a number of private questions to be asked by either the senior or the host or hostess. For a Westerner, perhaps the best way to deal with such awkward situations is to make a clean breast of all the facts because this is the Chinese way to show concerns. 译文 参加中国家庭的宴会时，如果把客人安排在紧挨着家族辈分最高年龄最长的家庭成员旁边，则是对客人最大的尊敬，这意味着客人的地位与最年长的长辈地位一样高。如果客人初来乍到，他必须做好准备来回答长辈、主人或女主人会问及的许多隐私性问题。作为一个西方人，应对这种尴尬局面的最好办法，或许就是一切如实道来，因为这是中国人表达关心的特有方式。 Passage 2 To make sure of success of the dinner party, the guest should be aware of the following facts: 1 the dishes placed in the center of a table is to be shared by all and the guest should feel free to help himself not