新时代大学生读写译答案unit4.docVIP

Unit4 keys to exercises Section A II. Comprehension 1. Because they suffered from low wages and oppressive working conditions. 2. To the first generation of immigrants, work had great virtues. First of all, it ensured their own survival. Secondly, it made it possible for them to provide a better life and education for their children, which meant an improvement in their social status. Last but not least, it was the very hard work that gave their labors a fierce dignity, which served as a driving force in their own life. 3. Generally speaking, it’s because the way people view work is much changed. Specifically, there are four causes. The first is that today’s younger workers have little idea about the poverty and suffering of the Depression and, therefore, don’t know what work meant to those who survived the Depression. The second cause is that unemployment no longer means personal ruin and shame thanks to elaborate financial cushions. Thirdly, the loss of a job now carries less personal shame, as it can be blamed on the wild and notorious behavior of the economy. And finally, work no longer just serves as a means of existence in a society where expectations are getting higher with rising educational levels. 4. To explain the attitude to work of those who suffered the extreme poverty during the Depression, and to contrast this with the attitudes of today’s younger workers. 5. According to Maslow, work meets human needs in the following hierarchy: first, it provides such basic means as food and shelter; second, it can provide security; third, it satisfies the need for friendship and connection with others; fourth, it can help gain respect; and finally, it can satisfy the desire for self-fulfillment. 6. Maslow’s scheme is quoted to explain workers’ expectations change with social and economic development. Because of these changes, work has different meanings to different groups in society as they are positioned at different stages in the work hierarchy. 7. The women