数学毕业论文 不同逻辑间翻译的完备性.docVIP

不同逻辑间翻译的完备性 摘要: 数理逻辑是用数学方法来研究推理的形式结构和推理规律的数学学科.它与数学的其他分支、计算机科学、人工智能、语言学等学科均有密切的联系，它日益显示出它的重要作用和更加广泛的应用前景.数理逻辑是形式逻辑与数学思想结合的产物但数理逻辑研究的是各学科共同遵从的一般性的逻辑规律，而各门学科只研究自身的具体规律. 本论文讨论了在论域有限的情况下，命题逻辑与一阶逻辑的关系.该文提出了语义忠实和语义满两条逻辑性质来确保可满足的公式翻译为可满足的公式，不可满足公式翻译翻译为不可满足公式.本文说明了在Henkin语义下，二阶逻辑到一阶逻辑的翻译是满足完备性的. 关键字: 完备性；语义忠实翻译；语义满翻译；二阶逻辑；一阶逻辑 Logical completeness on translation between different logical Abstract Mathematical logic is to use mathematical methods to study the structure and reasoning in the form of the law of mathematics reasoning. It with other branches of mathematics, computer science, artificial intelligence, linguistics and other subjects are closely linked, It is increasingly shows its important role and a more broad application prospects. Mathematical Logic is the product of the combination of Formal Logic and mathematical thinking, but mathematical logic is the study of various disciplines together to comply with the general laws of logic, but All subjects only research their own specific rules. The situation of this paper discusses the domain limited , the relationship between Propositional logic and first-order logic. In this paper, two logic properties: the failthfulness and the fullness are defined to ensure the preservations of the satisfiability and the unsatisfiability. In this paper, translation between Second-order logic and first-order logic meets Completeness in Henkin semantics. Key words completeness; faithful translation; full translation; second-order logic; first-order 目 录 摘要 II Abstract III 第一章 绪论 1 1.1课题背景 1 1.2 主要问题及研究意义 1 第二章 命题逻辑与一阶逻辑 3 2.1命题符号化及联结词 3 2.2命题公式及分类 4 2.3 一阶逻辑基本概念 4 2.4量词 5 2.5一阶逻辑的合式公式 5 2.6一阶逻辑的模型及赋值 6 2.7命题逻辑与一阶逻辑的关系 6 2.7.1总体说明两者的关系 6 2.7.2分析一阶逻辑与命题逻辑间的公式间的关系 6 2.7.3实例讨论一阶逻辑与命题逻辑间的关系 7 第三章 二阶逻辑 9 3.1 二阶逻辑的简介 9 3.2二阶逻辑到一阶逻辑的翻译的性质 11 3.2.1 性质的介绍及证明 11 3.2.2 完备性定理 12 3.2.3 二阶逻辑到一阶逻辑翻译的完备性的分析 17 第四章 总结与展望 18 4.1 总结 18 4.2 展望 18 参考文献 19 致谢 20  第一章 绪论 1.1课题背景 数理逻辑这门学科建立