usp38-41 天平 翻译.docVIP

BALANCES 天平 This chapter states the requirements for balances used for materials that must be accurately weighed see General Notices and Requirements, 8.20 . Unless otherwise specified, when substances must be “accurately weighed,” the weighing shall be performed using a balance that is calibrated over the operating range and meets the requirements defined for repeatability and accuracy. For balances used for other applications, the balance repeatability and accuracy should be commensurate with the requirements for its use. 本章说明了用于必须“精密称定”（参见凡例8.20）的物料称量的天平的要求。除非另有说明，当物质必须“精密称定”，则应采用在称量范围内经过校正，并且符合重复性和准确性要求的天平来称量。对于其它用途的天平，天平的重复性和准确度应根据其用途要求来确定。 For a discussion of the theoretical basis of these requirements, see Weighing on an Analytical Balance 1251, which may be a helpful—but not mandatory—resource. 关于这些要求的理论基础的讨论，参见附录 ，可能会有帮助---但不是必须。 REPEATABILITY 重复性 Repeatability is assessed by weighing one test weight NLT 10 times. [Note—The test weight must be within the balances operating range, but the weight need not be calibrated. Because the standard deviation IRA 1-Jul-2014 is virtually independent of sample mass within the balances capacity, use of a small test weight, which may be difficult to handle, is not required. ] 重复性采用对一个重量测试不少于10次来评估。【注-----用于测试的重量必须是在天平的称量范围内，但该重量是不需要校正的。因为标准偏差（IRA 1-Jul-2014）实际上取决于天平称量能力内样品的重量，由于很小的砝码可能比较难操作，因此不一定必须使用很小的那个。】 Repeatability is satisfactory if two times the standard deviation of the weighed value, divided the desired smallest net weight i.e., smallest net weight that the users plan to use on that balance , IRA 1-Jul-2014 does not exceed 0.10%. If the standard deviation obtained is less than 0.41d, where d is the scale interval, replace this standard deviation with 0.41d. In this case, repeatability is satisfactory if 2 × 0.41d, divided by the desired smallest net weight, IRA 1-Jul-2014 does not exceed 0.10%. 如果两次称重的标准偏差值，除以所需的最小净重量（如，用户在天平上打算使用的最小净重），（IRA 1-Jul-2014）不超过0.10%，则认为重复性满足要求。如果所得的标准偏差小于0.41d，这里d值是刻度值，则采用0.