part 2_2gears_reducers_cams.pptVIP

Bearings Bearings are machine elements that permit relative motion of two parts in one or more directions with a minimum of friction while preventing motion in the direction of the applied load. In many cases one of the members is fixed, and the bearing acts as a support for the moving member. The relative motion in bearings is always opposed by friction, and the work done in overcoming friction is lost power in all machines. Consequently, much thought and effort have been devoted to the development of bearings with minimum friction. In all bearings there are two surfaces that move relative to one another. To minimize friction, the co-acting surfaces may be partially or completely separated by a film of liquid or gas; these are known as sliding-contact bearings. The surfaces may be separated also by an assemblage of rolling elements such as balls and rollers; these are known as rolling-contact bearing. The essential parts of a ball bearing are the inner and outer ring, the balls, and the separator（保持架） There are many types of bearings because of variations in the design of rings and separators and in the number of balls. They can be divided into classes according to their function: those that support a radial load（向心轴承）, those that support a thrust load（推力轴承）, or those that support a combination of thrust and radial loads. The last type is termed “angular-contact bearings.” （角接触轴承） Cams A rotary cam is a part on a machine which mechanically changes cylindrical motion to straight-line motion. The cam, which is mounted on a shaft, is usually driven by a motor either applied directly to the camshaft or connected by pulleys or gears. The purpose of a cam is to transmit various kinds of motion to other parts of a machine. Practically every cam must be designed and manufactured to fit special requirements. Though each cam appears to be quite different from the other, all the cams work in a similar way. In each case, as the cam is rotated or turned, another part in conta