QA Statistics 统计学 281 课堂讲义.ppt

Chapter 6 Continuous Probability Distributions The Uniform Probability Distribution The Normal Probability Distribution Normal Approximation of Binomial Probabilities Not covered in textbook The Exponential Probability Distribution Continuous Probability Distributions A continuous random variable can assume _________ in an _________ on the real line or in a collection of intervals. It is not possible to talk about the probability of the random variable assuming a particular value. It is zero Instead, we talk about the probability of the random variable assuming a value within a given _________. The probability of the random variable assuming a value within some given interval from x1 to x2 is defined to be the ____ under the graph of the probability density function between ___ and___ . The Uniform Probability Distribution A random variable is uniformly distributed whenever the probability is _________ to the length of the interval. Graph: The Uniform Probability Distribution Uniform Probability Density Function f x 1/ b - a for a x b 0 elsewhere Expected Value of x E x a + b /2 Variance of x Var x b - a 2/12 where a smallest value the variable can assume b largest value the variable can assume Example: Slaters Buffet Slater customers are charged for the amount of salad they take. Sampling suggests that the amount of salad taken is uniformly distributed between 5 ounces and 15 ounces. Probability Density Function f x ________ for 5 x 15 ___ elsewhere where x salad plate filling weight Example: Slaters Buffet What is the probability that a customer will take between 12 and 15 ounces of salad? F x x 5 10 15 12 1/10 Salad Weight oz. P 12 x 15 15-12 /10 .3 Expected Value of x Variance of x E x a + b /2 5 + 15 /2 10 Var x b - a 2/12 15 – 5 2/12 8.33 Uniform Probability Distribution The Normal Probability Distribution Graph of the Normal Probability Density Function ? x f x Heights of people Normal Pro